Jurnal Kimia Valensi, Vol 6(1), May 2020, 32-39
Available online at Website: http://journal.uinjkt.ac.id/index.php/valensi
ACAC
Copyright©2020, Published by Jurnal Kimia Valensi
P-ISSN: 2460-6065, E-ISSN: 2548-3013
Characteristic of Allergen Protein of Nila baby fish (Oreochromis niloticus)
and Its Processed Product
Hendra Wijaya
1*
, Sri Yadial Chalid
2
, Ning Ima Arie Wardayanie
1
, Widyaningsih
2
, Santi
Ariningsih
1
1
Center for Agro-based Industry, Jl. Ir. Juanda No. 11, Bogor, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
2
Chemistry Department, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, Jl. Ir. H. Juanda No. 95 Ciputat, Tangerang Selatan,
Banten, Indonesia
*Corresponding author: faizawijaya@gmail.com
Abstract
Allergen protein is a protein that could triggers allergy reaction. This study purposes to examine the
characteristic of allergen protein of unripe, boiled, and fried nila baby fish. Characteristic of allergen protein
were observed by electrophoresis and immunoblotting method, while the determination of protein concentration
was observed by Bradford method. Identification of the used nila baby fish was accomplished in Faculty of
Fishery and Marine Science of IPB. The result of identification showed that the used nila baby fish was
Oreochromis niloticus. The proximate analysis of unripe, boiled, and fried nila baby fish resulted water content
ranged from 19.16%-23.68%, fat content ranged from 1.03%-20.44% and carbohydrate content ranged from
0.16%-20.27%. Protein concentration of unripe, boiled, and fried nila baby fish extract respectively were
1963.45 mg/L; 699.82 mg/L; 607.79 mg/L. The band amount of allergen protein of unripe, boiled, and fried nila
baby fish which was detected by electrophoresis, respectively were 16 of protein band, 26 of protein band and 16
of protein band. The immunoblotting showed that the sum of respondent who contained specific IgE that can
bind with allergen protein of boiled and fried nila baby fish were more than allergen protein of unripe nila baby
fish. It indicated that the processing process by boiling and frying would increase allergenicity toward nila baby
fish.
Keywords: allergen, nila baby fish, SDS-PAGE, immunoblotting.
DOI: 10.15408/jkv.v6i1.12855
1. INTRODUCTION
Nila Fish (Oreochromis niloticus) is
one of high valuable fish species in economic.
Consumption need either seed or fish from
year to year tends to increase along with
cultivation plant expansion (Darwisito et al.,
2008). Moreover, food processing products of
nila fish also start developing. One of them is
food processing product comes from nila baby
fish. This product has umami flavor and
contains nutrient especially essential amino
acid, such as leucine, histidine, glycine,
alanine, and tyrosine as well as high protein
and sufficiently low level of lipid (Ogunji et
al., 2005, Justi et al., 2003).
World Allergy Organization states that
22% of the world population suffer from
allergies and continues to increase every year.
Ebo et al (2010) reported that consumed nila
fish could potentially causing an allergy to
sensitive people toward nila fish. Allergy could
trigger light symptoms such as pruritis, runny
nose, and puffiness even evoked an enough
heavy response like anaphylaxis that may
cause death 2016). Some foods which
contained allergen are fish, shell, egg, soybean,
cow milk, wheat, peanut, tree nuts (as canary,
walnut, hazelnut) (Gupta et al., 2013). Type of
common allergen protein contained in seafood,
mollusk, and fish is tropomyosin (Boye and
Godefroy, 2010).
Foodstuff contained allergen protein
could be detected by molecular weight and its
reaction with IgE antibody, like allergen
protein in goatfish (Oreochromis
mossambicus) that has molecular weight about
17 kDa-114 kDa (Liu et al., 2012). Allergen
protein of mackerel fish has molecular weight
about 20 kDa (Misnan et al., 2005), and tuna
fish’s about 27-38 kDa 27-38 kDa (Hamada et