Jebmh.com Original Research Article J. Evid. Based Med. Healthc., pISSN- 2349-2562, eISSN- 2349-2570/ Vol. 4/Issue 32/April 20, 2017 Page 1915 HBA1C AND LIPID PROFILE LEVELS IN THE KNOWN TYPE 2 DIABETIC GROUP IN THE RURAL REGION OF VIDARBHA, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA Sarmistha Sarkar 1 , Ajay Meshram 2 1 Postgraduate Trainee, JR-I, Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha, Maharashtra. 2 Professor and HOD, Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha, Maharashtra. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic diseases in which there is high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period of time, and if early interventions are not taken, then it can cause many life-threatening complications like heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, damage to eyes, etc. Our aim is to determine HbA1c and Lipid profile level in the known type 2 diabetic group in the rural region of Vidarbha, Maharashtra, India, to see that as our study is a rural-based study and there is less pollution and stress factor compared to the cities whether it effects out study result or not. MATERIALS AND METHODS FBS, HbA1c, TC, HDL, LDL, VLDL, TG levels were evaluated. Total sample size 60 in between 30-40 years including males and females divided into two groups. 30 patients study group with known history of type 2 DM who attended the Medicine OPD and 30 age, sex matched healthy controls. Statistical analysis was done by using SPSS 17.0 version. RESULTS Results of serum lipid profile showed that mean values for TC, TG, HDL, LDL and VLDL in study group were 227.76±30.72, 152.23 ± 40.94, 40.5 ± 6.43, 153.30 ± 27.70 and 33.00 ± 9.94 mg/dL. FBS showed significant positive correlation with HbA1c (p<0.002). HDL has significant negative correlation with HbA1c (p<0.008). CONCLUSION Early detection in the abnormalities of serum lipid profile and HbA1c can minimise the risk for micro and macroangiopathies in the known type 2 diabetic patients. KEYWORDS Diabetes Mellitus, Glycated Haemoglobin, Lipid Profile Panel. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Sarkar S, Meshram A. HbA1c and lipid profile levels in the known type 2diabetic group in the rural region of Vidarbha, Maharashtra, India. J. Evid. Based Med. Healthc. 2017; 4(32), 1915-1920. DOI: 10.18410/jebmh/2017/374 BACKGROUND Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic diseases characterised by hyperglycaemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. 1 Type 2 DM is caused by a combination of resistance to insulin action and an inadequate compensatory insulin secretary response. This form of DM accounts for approximately 90-95%. According to the International Diabetic Foundation, currently, the disease affects >62 million Indians, which is >7.1% of India's adult population. As per World Health Organization (WHO), at least 171 million people suffering worldwide in diabetes. Its incidence is increasing rapidly and estimated that by the year 2030, this number will be double. India leads the world with largest number of diabetic subjects, so WHO termed India as “the diabetes capital of the world.” Diabetes is associated with a greater risk of morbidity and mortality from Cardiovascular Disease (CVD). Serum lipids are frequently abnormal and are likely to contribute to the risk of coronary artery disease. 2 Worsening of glycaemic control deteriorates lipid abnormalities in diabetes mellitus. 3 In diabetes, glucose is underutilised and develops clinical hyperglycaemic episodes, such as ketoacidosis or hyperosmolar coma. As the disease progresses, individuals are at risk for the development of specific complications including retinopathy leading to blindness, nephropathy causes renal failure and atherosclerotic heart disease. Glycated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) is routinely used as a diagnostic tool for screening and measuring long-term blood glucose control in diabetic patients. Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) is routinely measured to check the glycaemic control over a preceding 8-12 weeks of time. It is an indicator for the mean blood glucose level in diabetic patients. HbA1c predicts the risk for the development of severe diabetic complications in diabetic patients. The Financial or Other, Competing Interest: None. Submission 22-03-2017, Peer Review 29-03-2017, Acceptance 11-04-2017, Published 20-04-2017. Corresponding Author: Dr. Sarmistha Sarkar, Postgraduate Trainee, JR-I, Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha, Maharashtra. E-mail: sarmistha0035@gmail.com DOI: 10.18410/jebmh/2017/374