International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol. 11, No. 6, December 2021, pp. 4891~4906 ISSN: 2088-8708, DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v11i6.pp4891-4906  4891 Journal homepage: http://ijece.iaescore.com A one decade survey of autonomous mobile robot systems Noor Abdul Khaleq Zghair, Ahmed S. Al-Araji Computer Engineering Department, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq Article Info ABSTRACT Article history: Received Feb 17, 2021 Revised May 4, 2021 Accepted May 17, 2021 Recently, autonomous mobile robots have gained popularity in the modern world due to their relevance technology and application in real world situations. The global market for mobile robots will grow significantly over the next 20 years. Autonomous mobile robots are found in many fields including institutions, industry, business, hospitals, agriculture as well as private households for the purpose of improving day-to-day activities and services. The development of technology has increased in the requirements for mobile robots because of the services and tasks provided by them, like rescue and research operations, surveillance, carry heavy objects and so on. Researchers have conducted many works on the importance of robots, their uses, and problems. This article aims to analyze the control system of mobile robots and the way robots have the ability of moving in real-world to achieve their goals. It should be noted that there are several technological directions in a mobile robot industry. It must be observed and integrated so that the robot functions properly: Navigation systems, localization systems, detection systems (sensors) along with motion and kinematics and dynamics systems. All such systems should be united through a control unit; thus, the mission or work of mobile robots are conducted with reliability. Keywords: Autonomous mobile robot Localization Cognition Motion planning Navigation This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA license. Corresponding Author: Noor Abdul Khaleq Zghair Department of Computer Engineering University of Technology Al Sena’a St, Al-Wahda, Baghdad, Iraq Email: 120040@uotechnology.edu.iq 1. INTRODUCTION Today, with the increasing interest in robotics so global, the approaches of mobile robots are in scientific research fields which are rapidly growing. Because of their capabilities, humans might be substituted via mobile robots in various fields. While they have many applications such as medical care, personal services, entertainment, industrial automation, emergency rescue operations, surveillance, reconnaissance, construction, guides intervention in extreme environments, and so on, also with various other industrial applications. The majority of them are already provided in the markets. In 2017, a study conducted via global consultants McKinsey assumed that by the year 2030, a third of USA’s employees might be replaced via robots and automation. Yet, timelines might be changed via events such as pandemics. In 2020 the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak sped up the process and opened up new chances of using autonomous robots and automation in many industrial sectors. A robot is autonomous when it has little or no human intervention and itself is capable of determining the actions taken for performing tasks, utilizing perception systems which help it navigate. Also, it requires a control system or cognition unit for coordinating all sub-systems which include robotics [1], indicating that robots should be capable of navigating with no disruptions and capably of avoiding obstacles in the confinement of movement in outdoor or indoor environments [2]. In addition, environment modeling, recognition, planning as well as motion have