Corporate Governance and Sustainability Review/ Volume 2, Issue 2, 2018
6
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND
VALUE OF FAMILY-OWNED BUSINESS:
A CASE OF EMERGING COUNTRY
Sabeen Sikandar
*
, Waqas Mahmood
**
* Corresponding author Institute of Business Management (IoBM), Pakistan
Contact details: Institute of Business Management, Korangi Creek, Karachi, Sindh, 75190 Pakistan
** Institute of Business Administration (IBA), Pakistan
Abstract
How to cite this paper:
Sikandar, S., & Mahmood, W.
(2018). Corporate governance and
value of family-owned business: A
case of emerging country.
Corporate Governance and
Sustainability Review, 2(2), 6-12.
http://doi.org/10.22495/cgsrv2i2p1
Copyright © 2018 by Virtus
Interpress All rights reserved
The Creative Commons Attribution-
NonCommercial 4.0 International
License (CC BY-NC 4.0) will be
activated starting from February,
2019 followed by transfer of the
copyright to the Authors
ISSN Online: 2519-898X
ISSN Print: 2519-8971
Received: 01.05.2017
Accepted: 27.07.2018
JEL Classification: L25, L32, G30,
G34, G38
DOI: 10.22495/cgsrv2i2p1
The article focuses on analyzing the relationship between practices of
corporate governance in family-owned firms that are listed in Pakistan
Stock Exchange (PSX) with their value (firm value). Nearly 70% of listed
cement companies are family-owned. The cement industry in Pakistan
is in boom phase because of international construction projects in
collaboration with China, China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC).
Moreover, family-owned firms have a long history of contributing their
best towards Pakistan’s economy since inception after the
independence. The firm’s market value is an indicator of overall
performance and health of the firm. This paper uses data from annual
reports of the firms from 2013-2017, including corporate governance
metrics like board size, board composition and composition of the
audit committee. The dependent variable firm value has calculated
using Tobin’s Q. The analysis involves panel least squares method
using Eviews9. Results indicate a positive relationship between firm
value and corporate governance metrics, and closely consistent with a
number of researches in the similar geographical framework. It has
been however recommended for future researchers to have a deeper
view of a firm’s performance metrics in the cement industry keeping
in view the gigantic projects upcoming.
Keywords: Firm Value, Corporate Governance, Pakistan, Cement Sector,
Family-owned Firm
1. INTRODUCTION
Corporate Governance (CG) is meant to provide fair
welfare to the interests of the stakeholders. This is
because CG predominantly contests fraudulent
activities within or by the corporates. Whether it is
the firm owners or the shareholders, CG provides a
transparency between the two. CG controls and
monitors how corporates are being ruled and
operated; specifically when an organization is a
publically listed company (Balachandran & Faff,
2015). A number of amendments are recorded in the
recent Companies’ act of Pakistan, 2017, which are
supposed to strengthen CG practices in the region.
The following research is aimed at investigation,
analysis and study of the relationship between CG
practices (board size, board composition, the
composition of audit committee) (Azhar & Mahmood,
2018) and firm valuation specifically of the listed
family-owned firms in Cement sector of Pakistan.
These days, corporate governance is one of the
areas where researchers are globally taking much
interest. The practitioners, regulatory bodies and the
general public, therefore, are much concerned
regarding the developments in CG. The corporate
financial scandals, like that of Enron, were the
turning point for the corporate regulations &
practices worldwide. Enron Corporation was an
American energy firm, founded in 1985. Due to the
misrepresentation of billions of US dollars in
financial reports, the corporation was able to hide the
failures and disgrace in several projects and deals.
Also, the audit firm was pressurized to conceal the
financial ambiguities in these reports; on the
revelation of which, the stakeholders had filed a
lawsuit. The stock price of Enron Corporation thus
dropped to USD 1 from over USD 90. As a result of
which, the codes of corporate governance were first
introduced to the World in 1999, by the Organization
for Economic Cooperation & Developments (OECD);
which had caught the interest of the listed firms,
their stakeholders, regulatory authorities in the
Governments and policy makers. This helped in