240 Abstract Introduction Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by low bone mass and structural damage to bone tissue, leading to bone fragility and increased susceptibility to fractures. In Romania, menopause was found 10 years earlier than the internationally accepted limit, which increases the risk of osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is the result of bone loss that correlates with age and can begin after the 4th decade of life. Material and method. The study was conducted over a 12-month period in a total of 29 female patients diagnosed with osteoporosis. The study was conducted in an ambulatory regime and respected ethical and deontological principles. The demographic data of the study group consisted of age, lifestyle, professional training, body mass index. Pain (visual analogue scale), lumbar mobility (Schober test), patients’ quality of life (QOL scale) were also evaluated. Clinical data correlated with bone mineral density (DEXA test). Patients received drug therapy with bisphosphonates. Results. The patients participating in the study were 62 years old (62 ± 5.51). Depending on the living environment, there was a higher rate of osteoporosis in the rural area with 15 patients (51.72%) than the urban one with 14 patients (48.28%). The values of the t-student test were statistically significant for the spine in the study group (p = 0.002) and the control group (p = 0.0001) Conclusions. The study was based on the use of diagnostic utility indices such as bone mineral density, the data correlated with the DEXA investigation and the risk of fracture, but also on the evaluation of risk factors influencing the possible production of a fracture in a person with osteoporosis. Applying a physical exercise program can influence the patient's physical and mental condition with osteoporosis, lowering morbidity and increasing the quality of life. Key words: osteoporosis, risk of fracture, bone mineral density, physical activity Introduction. Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by low bone mass and structural damage to bone tissue, leading to bone fragility and increased susceptibility to fractures. [1] This condition can be a major cause of fractures and can cause many complications. [1], [2] The most common fractures occur in the spine or femur [4], but they can also occur at the radius level. Fractures accentuate morbidity and mortality in older people and increase medical costs. In 1960, there were about 250 million people over 60, and about 1 billion in 2020, indicating a population aging trend, although the woman's average age of menopause will remain 51 years old. Osteoporosis is considered a consequence of menopause, being a major medical and social problem. Among the determinants of the risk of osteoporotic fracture we mention: bone quality, bone micro-architecture, bone mineral density - this being responsible for 4-67% of the reduction of the risk of fracture after anti- resorbants. Prevention factors are balanced diet in calcium and vitamin D, practicing weight-bearing exercises, healthy lifestyle, no smoking or alcohol, periodic bone mineral density measurement, and appropriate medical treatment. In Romania, menopause was found 10 years earlier than the internationally accepted limit, which increases the risk of osteoporosis. From the studies performed, there was found a high percentage of osteopenia with over 10% of the accepted limits abroad, which shows that during the formation of the bone there was a poor diet. [3] World statistics show that in 1990, 1.7 million people were diagnosed who had a hip fracture. It is assumed that in 2050 the number of people with this diagnostic will reach 6 million. Studies show that hip fracture rate in Taiwan was the highest in the world [4] Osteoporosis is the result of bone loss that correlates with age and can begin after the 4th decade of life. It is mainly the result of bone destruction by osteoclasts and the decrease of bone formation by osteoblasts. In women, the role in estrogen deficiency (menopause) and bone loss (age-related) are involved, and in males, bone mass is correlated with estrogen levels. Vitamin D deficiency, secondary hyperparathyroidism, reduced physical activity, and decreased production of insulin-like growth factors may occur. The genetic factor with involvement in the decade 3 of life, along with calcium intake, vitamin D, should be mentioned. Even though bone loss has a Interrelation of risk factors and occurrence of a possible fracture in patients with osteoporosis Sinziana Calina Silisteanu, Andrei Emanuel Silisteanu Corresponding author: Sinziana Silisteanu E-mail address: sinzi_silisteanu@yahoo.com Railway Hospital Iasi - Specialty Ambulatory of Suceava - "Stefan cel Mare" University of Suceava FEFS-DSDU Balneo Research Journal DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12680/balneo.2018.187 Vol.9, No.3, September 2018 p: 240 –244