Prevalence and Associated Factors with Maternal Delays in Seeking
Emergency Obstetric Care in Arsi Zone, Oromiya, Ethiopia Cross-sectional
Study Design
Yirga Wondu
1
, Bekele Dibaba
2
and Roza Amdemichael
2
1
Department of Midwifery, College of Health Science, Arsi University, Asella, Ethiopia
2
Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Arsi University, Asella, Ethiopia
*
Corresponding author: Yirga Wondu, Master of Maternal and Reproductive Health Nursing, Arsi University, College of Health Science, Ethiopia, E-mail:
wonyir@gmail.com
Received date: October 22, 2018; Accepted date: December 13, 201 8; Published date: December 20, 201 8
Copyright: © 2019 Wondu Y, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Abstract
Objective: To determine the prevalence and associated factors with the maternal delay in seeking emergency
obstetrics services among pregnant women, Arsi Zone, Oromiya, Ethiopia, 2016.
Methods: A Facility based Cross-sectional study design using a quantitative method was conducted at public
health facilities of Arsi Zone. Sample size, 847 was determined using a single population proportion formula. A total
of 10 health centers which provide obstetric care selected randomly and sample size proportionally allocated to each
facility. Data entered in Epi Info version 3.3.2 software and exported to SPSS version 20 for statistical analysis.
P<0.05 considered to declare a statistically significant variable with a 95% confidence interval.
Result: From the total 775 participants, 203 (27.2%) of the respondents reported that they faced problem in
making a decision to seek emergency obstetric care. The mean time for delay was 90 minutes with a range of 30
minutes to 18 hours. Maternal age, educational level, monthly income, and ANC follow up status were significant
predictors of maternal delay in seeking emergency obstetric care.
Conclusion: Husbands took the lines to share in making the decision to seek obstetric care. This implies
independent decision-making power of women on their own health is low. In order to address maternal delay one
health extension workers along with health centers staffs, district officers and programmers should give emphasis for
awareness creation, income generating mechanism and capacitating decision making the power of mothers need to
be strengthened and expanded in the community.
Keywords: Delay; Seeking; Obstetric; Care; Emergency; Arsi zone;
Spss, Health center
List of abbreviations ANC: Antenatal Care; AOR, Adjusted Odds
Ratio; ETB: Ethiopian Birr; EOC: Emergency Obstetric Care; MMR:
Maternal Mortality Rate; OR: Odds Ratio; SDG: Sustainable
Development Goal; SPSS: Statistical Package for Social Sciences; TBA:
Traditional Birth Attendance; WHO: World Health Organization
Introduction
Many mothers living in developing countries continue to die from
pregnancy-related morbidities each year [1,2]. Maternal mortality has
been identifed as a priority on health policy and research agendas for
developing countries [3,4]. In many low-and-middle-income
countries, death rates related to pregnancy are ofen high and have an
impact on reproductive-aged women. However, these deaths are
mostly avoided by timely and adequate treatment [5].
Te Tree Delays is a model originally developed in the 1990s as a
way to understand the environment surrounding maternal mortality
and has been used in countries across the world to understand and
improve maternal mortality [6,7]. Maternal delays were described as
having three levels which have been named frst, second, and third
maternal delays respectively [8].
Te frst delay is on the part of the mother, family, or community
not recognizing a life-threatening condition. Because most deaths
occur during labor or in the frst 24 hours postpartum, recognizing an
emergency is not easy. Most births occur at home with unskilled
attendants, and it takes skill to predict or prevent bad outcomes and
medical knowledge to diagnose and immediately act on complications
[8,9].
Te second delay is in reaching a health-care facility and may be due
to road conditions, lack of transportation, or location. Te third delay
occurs at the healthcare facility [8-12].
Women and their families face socioeconomic and cultural barriers
for seeking professional delivery care, such as high costs, long distances
to health facilities, lack of knowledge about danger signs during
pregnancy, and a tradition of using untrained local practitioners
during delivery [11,12]. Maternal delay is one of the contributing
factors for high maternal mortality in developing countries. For
example, an inability to recognize an emergency may extend the delay
in the decision to seek care. While the ability of the patient or a
caregiver to recognize an emergency is partially dependent upon the
patient’s or caregiver’s level of education [7].
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ISSN: 2161-0932
Gynecology & Obstetrics
Wondu et al., Gynecol Obstet (Sunnyvale) 2019,
9:1
DOI: 10.4172/2161-0932.1000496
Research Article Open Access
Gynecol Obstet (Sunnyvale), an open access journal
ISSN:2161-0932
Volume 9 • Issue 1 • 1000496