Jurnal Sosial Humaniora (JSH) [2018], Volume 11, Ed.1 ISSN Online: 2443-3527 ISSN Print: 1979-5521 8 - JSH Religious Radicalism, Global Terrorism and Islamic Challenges in Contemporary Indonesia Choirul Mahfud, Niken Prasetyawati, Wahyuddin, Zainul Muhibbin, Dyah Satya Yoga Agustin Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS) Surabaya. choirul.mahfud@its.ac.id Heni Sukmawati Universitas Siliwangi, Tasikmalaya. henisukmawati@unsil.ac.id Diterima: 02 Februari 2018 Direview: 29 Juni 2018 Diterbitkan: 27 Juli 2018 Hak Cipta © 2018 oleh Penulis (dkk) dan Jurnal Sosial Humaniora (JSH) *This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Subject Areas: phenomenon, religion Abstract Discussing the radicalism of religion and global terrorism is a global challenge that is now a worldwide concern, including for the Islamic community in Indonesia. Research in this paper with an analytical descriptive approach using the documentative method. The general purpose of this research is to understand the root causes of terrorism and religious radicalism in Indonesia? What is the solution of Islam to overcome the problem of religious radicalism and global terrorism? The results of this research show: first, the historical roots of global terrorism and religious radicalism is a very complex portrait of social, political, and economic history. Also, the complexity of local, regional and global problems are interconnected with one another. Second, the Islamic solution to overcome this problem with the Islamic approach to peace for all (rahmatan lil alamin) which prioritizes the path of dialogue and world peace. Keywords: Religious Radicalism; Global Terrorism; and Islam Rahmatan Lil Alamin. Introduction Post-tragedy 9/11 until now, the talk about global terrorism continues to warm and attract the attention of many academics of social science humanities in various countries, including in Indonesia. Especially after the events of suicide in various regions of the world, not least in Indonesia. Recently, the testimony of KH Ma'ruf Amin, as chairman of the MUI Fatwa commission, whether the root of terrorism is suspected by religious fundamentalism and misinterpretation of jihad. The phenomenon of religious radicalism and religious fundamentalism is becoming a bad phenomenon in the world (Amstrong, 1991; Azra, 2002). Here, many critics and problems for strengthening the role of Muslim societies, including in Indonesia (Abdurrahman, 2003; Ali, 2016; Baasyir, 2007). Unfortunately, the fundamentalism phenomenon itself is destructive, not constructive. Robert N. Bellah, an American sociologist, calling the above phenomenon a scripturalist phenomenon. Furthermore, Bellah argues that the tendency of this scripturalist group to see the Qur'an and Sunnah (read: scriptural text) as a perfect entity, and sacred. Those who act like that have made them fundamentalists. Open Access