Research Article
Nanocomposites of NR/SBR Blend Prepared by
Latex Casting Method: Effects of Nano-TiO
2
and Polystyrene-Encapsulated Nano-TiO
2
on the Cure
Characteristics, Physical Properties, and Morphology
Anyaporn Boonmahitthisud,
1
Peeraphong Pokphat,
2
Phasawat Chaiwutthinan,
3
and Saowaroj Chuayjuljit
1
1
Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Tailand
2
Program of Petrochemistry and Polymer Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Tailand
3
MTEC, National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Tailand Science Park,
Khlong Luang, Pathum Tani 12120, Tailand
Correspondence should be addressed to Anyaporn Boonmahitthisud; anyaporn.b@chula.ac.th
Received 22 November 2016; Accepted 12 March 2017; Published 29 March 2017
Academic Editor: R. Torrecillas
Copyright © 2017 Anyaporn Boonmahitthisud et al. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons
Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is
properly cited.
Nanocomposites of 80/20 (w/w) natural rubber (NR)/styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) blend with four loadings of either nanosized
titanium dioxide (nTiO
2
) or polystyrene-encapsulated nTiO
2
(PS-nTiO
2
), ranging from 3 to 9 parts by weight per hundred of rubber
(phr), were prepared by latex casting method. Te PS-n TiO
2
synthesized via in situ diferential microemulsion polymerization
displayed a core-shell morphology (nTiO
2
core and PS shell) with an average diameter of 42 nm. Te cure characteristics (scorch
time, cure time, and cure rate index), mechanical properties (tensile properties, tear strength, and hardness), thermal stability, glass
transition temperature, and morphology of the prepared nanocomposites were quantifed and compared. Te results showed that
the cure characteristics of all the nanocomposites were not signifcantly changed compared to those of the neat NR/SBR blend.
Te inclusion of an appropriate amount of either n TiO
2
or PS-nTiO
2
into the NR/SBR blend apparently improved the tensile
strength, modulus at 300% strain, tear strength, hardness, and thermal stability but deteriorated the elongation at break of the
nanocomposites. Based on diferential scanning calorimetry, the glass transition temperature of all the nanocomposites was similar
to that of the neat NR/SBR blend. Moreover, the morphology of the PS-nTiO
2
-flled rubber nanocomposites fractured surface
analyzed by scanning electron microscopy showed an improvement in the interfacial adhesion between the rubber phase and the
nanoparticles.
1. Introduction
High-performance elastomeric materials have been produced
by developing multicomponent systems in terms of rubber
blend and/or rubber nanocomposites [1–16]. Blending of rub-
bers is an important technique to improve certain properties
not inherent in a single rubber, while incorporating an inor-
ganic nanofller (nanosized fller) even at a very low loading
(less than 10 wt%) into rubber matrix by physical mixing has
attracted considerable interest for both scientifc challenges
and industrial applications due to their high-performance
properties [2, 4–9, 11–16]. Natural rubber (NR) is one of the
most important natural biosynthesis polymers, according to
its high elasticity, resilience and mechanical properties, low
heat build-up and cost, and good formability [1, 4–9]. NR can
exhibit higher tensile and tear strength than synthetic rubbers
due to its ability to undergo strain crystallization [1, 6–9].
However, NR sufers from poor weathering, ozone, oil, and
thermal resistance because of its nonpolarity and high unsat-
uration [9, 10]. Consequently, NR is normally modifed by
simple blending with commercially available rubbers and/or
fllers to improve its physical properties, thermal stability, and
Hindawi
Journal of Nanomaterials
Volume 2017, Article ID 7676158, 11 pages
https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/7676158