© November 2021| IJIRT | Volume 8 Issue 6 | ISSN: 2349-6002 IJIRT 153331 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN TECHNOLOGY 436 Synthesis and Characterization of Magnesium Oxide (MgO) Nanoparticles by Co-precipitation Method Faizal Mirza 1 , Harshidaben Makwana 2 1 Department of Physics, Saurashtra University, Rajkot-360005 2 B.V. Shah (Vadi Vihar) Science College, C. U .Shah, University, Wadhwan, Surendranagar, Gujarat- 363030 Abstract - Metals are able to form a large number of oxides. These metal oxides play an important role in many areas of chemistry, physics and material science. An important metal oxide known as magnesium oxide (MgO) having good reactivity is widely used in producing electronics, catalyst, ceramics, oil, paint etc. Magnesium oxide Nano-particle is non-toxic and need a small amount, so it is suitable for the development of flame-retardant fiber additives. In addition, nano magnesium oxide added in fuel can inhibit corrosion. In this communication Magnesium oxide nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by co- precipitation technique at room temperature using magnesium nitrate and sodium hydroxide as a precursor. The morphological investigation of MgO nanoparticles was done by various analytical techniques Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM-EDX) for morphological studies. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) indicates the crystallinity and crystal size of MgO nanoparticle. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is used for analysing the functional groups of the sample. Index Terms - MgO, Nano-particle, Spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD) INTRODUCTION Nano size materials have different properties compared with bulk materials. Nanoparticles are particles between 1 and 100 nanometers in size and it are having attracted a great attention in recent years because of their unique electronic, physical, magnetic, chemical and optical properties compare with bulk materials [1, 2]. Most of the researchers are working with metal oxide nanoparticles because of their unique properties such as hydrophobic, photo catalytic, stability and etc. Hence, they are used in many applications named as coatings, catalysts, anti- bacterial, medical sciences, sensors, semiconductors, capacitors and batteries [3]. In past decade, the unique properties of nanomaterials have created interest to the researchers to develop simpler and inexpensive techniques to synthesis nanostructures for technologically importance. Metal oxides nanomaterial with high surface area and porosity have attracted considerable interest for scientific research due to their potential application such as functional components for nano electronics, optoelectronics and sensing devices.[4] Magnesium oxide is an inorganic compound having thermal stability, high surface reactivity, very good heat resistance, high chemical and alkali resistance [5, 6]. Magnesium is II A group element with atomic number 12 and Oxygen is VIA group element with atomic number 8. The compound MgO is having boiling and melting points as 3600ºC and 2852ºC [7]. Magnesium oxide, often called periclase [8] (from Greek word periklao, peri “around”, klao “to cut”), is white hygroscopic solid mineral. Its empirical formula is MgO and its lattice consist of Mg 2+ ions and O 2- ions, together bonded by ionic bond (Figure 1). Magnesium oxide is generally produced by the calcination of magnesium hydroxide Mg(OH) 2 or magnesium carbonate MgCO3. Thermal treatment, used when calcination process occurs, affects the surface area and pore size and also the final reactivity of formed magnesium oxide. Used temperature can be divided into three groups, 700 ˚C to 1000 ˚C, where caustic calcined magnesium oxide is formed, 1000 ˚C to 1500 ˚C, where lower chemical activity magnesium oxide is formed and calcination over 1500 _C, where reduced chemical activity type of refractory magnesium oxid is formed, that is mostly used for electrical and refractory applications [9].