884 THE JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY
H. Malchau, MD, PhD, Associate Professor
P. Herberts, MD, PhD, Professor
J. K¨ arrholm, MD, Associate Professor
Department of Orthopaedics
Y. X. Wang, MD
Department of Diagnostic Radiology
Sahlgrenska University Hospital, S-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden.
B. Romanus, MD, PhD, Associate Professor
Department of Orthopaedics, East University Hospital, Gothenburg,
Sweden.
Correspondence should be sent to Dr H. Malchau.
©1996 British Editorial Society of Bone and Joint Surgery
0301-620X/96/61263 $2.00
LONG-TERM CLINICAL AND RADIOLOGICAL
RESULTS OF THE LORD TOTAL HIP
PROSTHESIS
A PROSPECTIVE STUDY
HENRIK MALCHAU, PETER HERBERTS, YU XING WANG,
JOHAN K
¨
ARRHOLM, BERTIL ROMANUS
From Sahlgrenska and East University Hospitals, Gothenburg, Sweden
W
e enrolled 98 patients (107 hips) with a mean
age of 47 years (SD 8.6) into a prospective study
of the Madreporic Lord THR; 34 hips had primary
and 73 secondary osteoarthritis.
After ten years, the survival rate using revision as
the endpoint for failure was 70% (±9) for the cup and
98% (±0.3) for the stem. The combined clinical and
radiological survival rates were 46% (±11) and 81%
(±10), respectively. Osteoporosis due to stress-shielding
was observed in the proximal femur. Hips with
radiologically dense bone postoperatively showed the
most pronounced bone loss.
We recommend continued radiological follow-up of
patients with this type of implant to allow revision to
be performed before there is severe bony destruction
of the pelvis.
J Bone Joint Surg [Br] 1996;78-B:884-91.
Received 4 April 1996; Accepted after revision 22 April 1996
In the 1970s Lord developed an uncemented cobalt-chro-
mium implant with a fully porous (Madreporic) coated
stem and a threaded cup. Initial stem fixation depended on
a fit in the tight trochanteric and diaphyseal area. The
preliminary results were promising (Lord 1978), but we are
not aware of prospective reports of long-term series. Our
aim was to assess the efficacy of this implant in a series of
young and active patients over a ten-year period.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
Between September 1979 and November 1986 we enrolled
98 patients in the study, all of whom gave their informed
consent. Nine had bilateral operations, giving a total of 107
arthroplasties. Patients were excluded if they had active
inflammatory disease, severe osteoporosis, corticosteroid
treatment for more than three months, a previous replace-
ment of the same hip, or grossly deficient femoral or
acetabular bone stock.
Of the 107 hips, 34 showed primary osteoarthritis, and
33 had arthritis secondary to childhood diseases. Thirteen
had old fractures of the acetabulum or femoral neck, 13 had
idiopathic avascular necrosis, 7 showed inflammatory
arthritis, and 7 miscellaneous disorders. Fifty-nine patients
(60%) had unilateral hip disease only (Charnley group A),
28 had bilateral hip disease (group B) and 11 had multiple
joint involvement (group C) (Charnley 1979).
There were 40 men and 58 women with a mean age of 47
years (SD 8.6; 25 to 67) and a mean weight of 70 kg (SD
12). All the patients were operated on at the two University
hospitals in Gothenburg, most of them by one of the two
senior authors (PH, BR). After 1984, other uncemented
implants were also used and therefore the series is not
consecutive for the last two years.
Clinical data and follow-up. For clinical evaluation we
used a standard proforma recording age, gender, weight,
diagnosis, social and working status, previous operation(s),
Charnley class, subsets of the Harris hip score, implant
size, peroperative assessment of bone quality and peroper-
ative fracture. The Harris hip score and subsets of this score
were used for outcome measurement (Harris 1969).
We performed clinical and radiological examinations
before and after the operation and at 1, 3, 5, 7, 10 and 13
years. For up-to-date information about revisions, espe-
cially for patients who had only one component revised or
had been revised after the latest follow-up, we used the
National Register of THA in Sweden (Malchau, Herberts
and Ahnfelt 1993).
Patients were withdrawn from the study (Table I) when
the cup (n = 39), the stem (n = 1) or both components
(n = 1) were revised or extracted. Seven patients (7 hips)
died 3 to 14 years after the operation and one patient
emigrated and could not be contacted. The postoperative