Research Article MATLAB Image Treatment of Copper-Steel Laser Welding Massaud Mostafa , 1,2 J. Laifi, 1 M. Ashari , 1 and Z.A. Alrowaili 1 1 Physics Department, College of Science, Jouf University, P.O.Box. 2014, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia 2 Laser Tech. & Environment Lab, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt Correspondence should be addressed to Massaud Mostafa; mmostafa@ju.edu.sa Received 11 December 2019; Revised 20 March 2020; Accepted 2 April 2020; Published 21 April 2020 Academic Editor: Mar´ ıa Criado Copyright © 2020 Massaud Mostafa et al. is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ContinuousYb:YAGlaserkeyholeweldingofthepurecopperplatetosteel316Lsheetisperformedfordifferentlaserparameters. e laser-generated welding keyhole and weld melted zone are observed by a high-speed camera. e image is treated by MATLABandsimplecodeisbuilttocalculatethekeyholeandmeltedzonearea.istreatmentisvalidatedbytheactualwelding measurements,andtheaccuracyofthemeasurementsistestedbytheconfidenceintervallaw.eimagesobtainedofkeyholeand melt zone area in dissimilar laser welding are treated and analyzed to study the effect of changing the laser parameters. 1. Introduction High-quality dissimilar welding has many applications in power generation, and in the chemical, petrochemical, nuclear, and electronics industries for the purposes of tai- loring component properties or weight reduction. More recently, laser-welding technologies have been successfully used to manufacture hybrid microsystems consisting of different materials. e welding of dissimilar metals is de- termined by their crystal structure and compositional sol- ubility in their liquid and solid states. Diffusion in the weld pool often results in the formation of intermetallic phases. When no filler materials are used, the formation of inter- metallic compounds is dependent on the interaction of the joining materials and the welding parameters [1–3]. ere are many applications for the dissimilar copper/ stainless steel welding like the chemical industries, power generation, electric, electronic, and cryogenics. It is very useful in the case of resulting hybrid products which merge the excellent electric and thermal conductivity of copper with essential weight and cost saving [4]. e corrosion resistance of stainless steel and heat conductivity of copper are required for the heat exchangers fabrications. e welding of stainless steel and copper is essential to manufacturing these constructs. However, the dissimilarweldingofstainlesssteelandcopperstillhasmany difficulties. e first difficulty is the large differences of physical properties between the stainless steel and copper like melting point, thermal conductivity, and thermal ex- pansivity. ese physical differences make the conventional weldingmethodsdifficultindissimilarwelding.Inthiswork, the laser beam welding method is used to avoid these problems [5]. Also, laser beam energy absorption and optimization of the laser welding method is the subject of many previous studies [6–8], particularly in the case of dissimilar welding [9, 10]. Assuncao et al. studied the behavior of different metalsunderlaserweldinginthetransitionfromconduction to keyhole modes [6]. eir experiments showed that the thermal properties (thermal conductivity, melting and vaporization temperatures, and specific heat) of the mate- rials have the most important role in the transition between laser welding modes. Sibillano et al. developed a real-time monitoring technique based on the analysis of the plasma plume optical spectra generated during laser welding to determine the laser welding mode [11]. Stainless steels are commonly used in welded joint metals. Austenitic stainless steels (e.g., 316L and 304) rep- resent more than 2/3 of total stainless-steel production. ese stainless steels are preferred over other stainless-steel Hindawi Advances in Materials Science and Engineering Volume 2020, Article ID 8914841, 13 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8914841