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STUDYING THE INTERACTIONS
BETWEEN AN ARABIAN HEAVY CRUDE
OIL AND ALKALINE SOLUTIONS
A. Elkamel,
*
T. Al-Sahhaf, and A. Suttar Ahmed
Department of Chemical Engineering, Kuwait
University, P.O. Box 5969, Safat 13060, Kuwait
ABSTRACT
An experimental study to examine the effectiveness of alkaline
flooding for the recovery of an Arabian heavy crude oil is
presented. The interfacial tension (IFT) behavior of crude
oil/alkali systems over a wide range of parameters (pressure,
temperature, alkali concentration and time) was studied.
These alkaline reagents react with the acidic species in crude
oil to form surface-active soaps in-situ. This leads to a
lowering of interfacial tension (IFT) and subsequently the
mobilization of residual oil. The equilibrium IFTs obtained
through alkaline flooding are compared with the IFTs when a
synthetic surfactant (dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid sodium
salt) is used in EOR recovery. A mathematical model repre-
senting the complete chemistry of the transient process is
also presented. The model consists of a set of differential
equations describing reactions, diffusion, and adsorption at
the oil/alkaline solution interface. The kinetic parameters in
789
DOI: 10.1081/LFT-120003713 1091-6466 (Print); 1532-2459 (Online)
Copyright & 2002 by Marcel Dekker, Inc. www.dekker.com
PETROLEUM SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Vol. 20, Nos. 7 & 8, pp. 789–807, 2002
*E-mail: elkamel@kuc01.kuniv.edu.kw