Announcement of Population Data 15 STR loci frequencies in the population from Parana ´ , Southern Brazil Lilian de Assis Poiares a,b , Paulo de Sa ´ Osorio a,b , Fa ´ bio Alexandre Spanhol a , Sidnei Ce ´ sar Coltre a , Rodrigo Rodenbusch c , Claudia Castelo Branco d , Paula R. Pacheco d , Luisa Mota-Vieira d , Alvaro Largura a,b , Fabiano Sandrini a,b , Cla ´ udia Maria Dornelles da Silva c,e, * a Laborato ´rio Alvaro, Centro de Ana ´lises e Pesquisas Clı´nicas, Rua General Oso ´rio, 3212, Bairro Centro, 85801-110, Cascavel, Parana ´, Brazil b Instituto de Investigaca˜o Cientı´fica do Parana ´, Laborato ´rio Alvaro - Rua General Oso ´rio, 3212, Bairro Centro, 85801-110, Cascavel, Parana ´, Brazil c Laborato ´rio de Investigac ¸a ˜o de Paternidade, Centro de Desenvolvimento Cientı´fico e Tecnolo ´gico (CDCT), Fundac ¸a˜o Estadual de Produc ¸a˜o e Pesquisa em Sau ´de (FEPPS), Av. Ipiranga, 5400, Bairro Jardim Bota ˆnico, CEP 90610-000, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil d Unidade de Gene ´tica e Patologia Moleculares, Hospital do Divino Espı´rito Santo de Ponta Delgada, EPE, Av. D. Manuel I, 9500-370, Sa˜o Miguel, Ac ¸ores, Portugal e Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Curso de Po ´s-graduac ¸a˜o em Diagno ´stico Gene ´tico Molecular, Av. Farroupilha, 8001, Bairro Sa˜o Jose ´, CEP 92425-900, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil Population: Blood sample from 4076 unrelated individuals were obtained from paternity testing cases (mothers and fathers) in Parana ´ State (10 million people), localized in Southern Brazil. All participants signed an informed consent. Parana ´ is one of Brazilian states with the widest ethnic diversity. Portuguese, Germans, Poles, Ukrainians, Italians, Arabs, Dutch and Japanese are some of the ethnic groups that contributed to the genetic pool of today’s Parana ´ [1]. DNA extraction: Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood samples using QIAamp blood kit (Qiagen) following the manufacturer’s instructions. PCR: Simultaneous amplification of 15 STR loci (multiplex PCR) plus the gender determination marker, Amelogenin, were per- formed by using the AmpFlSTR 1 Identifiler TM PCR Amplification Kit (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA) according to the user’s manual recommendations. Typing: The separation and genotyping of the Identifiler TM PCR products were carried out by capillary electrophoresis using ABI PRISM 1 3130 Genetic Analyzer (Applied Biosystems). All geno- types were analyzed using the GeneMapper 1 ID 3.2 software. Results: The allele frequencies, statistical parameters for the 15 STR loci and genetic distances (F ST ) between studied sample and other related populations are available as e-component. Quality control: Proficiency testing of the GEP-ISFG Working Group. Analysis of data: The Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium test, expected and observed heterozygosity, were calculated with CERVUS Version 3.0.3 [2]. Analyses of molecular variance (AMOVA, based on F-statistics; default values used for permutation tests) were performed with ARLEQUIN Version 3.1 [3]. Bonferroni’s correction was used for Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium test, which assumes that a 0.05 significance level obtained for 15 tests (one per locus) yields an actual significance threshold of 0.0033 [4]. Power of discrimination (PD) and probability of exclusion (PE) were estimated with PowerStats Version 12 (Promega Corp.) [5]. Access to the data: Upon request by contacting corresponding author. Other remarks: The allele frequencies for the 15 STR loci found in Parana ´ are shown in Table 1. Except D13S317 (P = 0.0003), all loci analysed were in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium after Forensic Science International: Genetics xxx (2009) xxx–xxx ARTICLE INFO Article history: Received 24 October 2008 Received in revised form 28 October 2008 Accepted 2 January 2009 Available online xxx Keywords: Allele frequencies Short tandem repeats Parana ´ population Brazil ABSTRACT Allele frequencies for 15 short tandem repeats (STR) loci were obtained from a sample of 4076 unrelated individuals undergoing paternity testing. The population is from Parana ´ , Southern Brazil. The loci are the most commonly used in forensic and paternity testing, being analyzed by the AmpFlSTR 1 Identifiler TM (Applied Biosystems) commercial kit. The most polymorphic loci were D2S1338 and D18S51. Excepting the D13S317, all loci were in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. Comparative analyses between our population data and other populations are presented. ß 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. * Corresponding author at: Fundac ¸a ˜o Estadual de Produc ¸a ˜o e Pesquisa em Sau ´ de, Centro de Desenvolvimento Cientı ´fico e Tecnolo ´ gico, Laborato ´ rio de Investigac ¸a ˜o de Paternidade, Av. Ipiranga, 5400, Jardim Bota ˆnico, CEP 90610-000, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Tel.: +55 51 33520336; fax: +55 51 33520336. E-mail address: cmdornelles@terra.com.br (Silva). G Model FSIGEN-435; No of Pages 2 Please cite this article in press as: L.A. Poiares, et al., 15 STR loci frequencies in the population from Parana ´ , Southern Brazil, Forensic Sci. Int. Genet. (2009), doi:10.1016/j.fsigen.2009.01.005 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Forensic Science International: Genetics journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/fsig 1872-4973/$ – see front matter ß 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.fsigen.2009.01.005