Session F4C
DELIVERING CONTINUOUS MANUFACTURING EDUCATION AND
TRAINING VIA AN INTERNET-BASED
DISTRIBUTED VIRTUAL LABORATORY
Gary E. Rafe
1
, Kim LaScola Needy
2
, Bopaya Bidanda
3
, Therese M. Schmidt
4
Abstract This research considers the application of a
distributed virtual laboratory (DVL) to deliver continuous
education and training in manufacturing-related disciplines
via the global Internet. This presentation begins by
reviewing motivations for the research. A pilot
implementation of the DVL that employs a networked client-
server approach using readily available information
technologies is then described. An assessment case-study
application of the DVL within the training center of a
Pittsburgh-area industrial engineering consulting firm is
considered. Results from this study suggest that
implementations of the distributed virtual laboratory may be
feasible alternatives to face-to-face continuous
manufacturing education and training.
Index Terms continuous education, distributed virtual
laboratory, World-Wide Web browser, Java applet.
INTRODUCTION
The importance of frequent continuing education and
training for individuals working in manufacturing-related
industries was underscored in a wide-ranging report issued
by the National Research Council’s Committee to Study
Information Technology and Manufacturing [1]. The
Committee suggested that multimedia and virtual reality
technologies used in conjunction with intelligent tutoring
systems, distance learning systems, and experiential learning
tools offer significant potential to deliver flexible interfaces
for educational and skill-building programs. Development
of the distributed virtual laboratory (DVL) described here
attempted to address a limitation of contemporary distance
and asynchronous learning systems by providing an
interactive learning environment that accommodated the
experiential learning style of individuals working in
manufacturing-related industries. Further motivations for
this research are considered in [2].
The distributed virtual laboratory makes use of Internet,
World-Wide Web, and distributed information technologies
to realize a media-rich interactive environment of sufficient
____________________________________
1
Gary E. Rafe, University of Pittsburgh, Industrial Engineering, 1048 Benedum Hall, Pittsburgh, PA, grafe@ie.pitt.edu
2
Kim LaScola Needy, University of Pittsburgh, Industrial Engineering, 1048 Benedum Hall, Pittsburgh, PA, kneedy@engrng.pitt.edu
3
Bopaya Bidanda, University of Pittsburgh, Industrial Engineering, 1048 Benedum Hall, Pittsburgh, PA, bidanda@engrng.pitt.edu
4
Therese M. Schmidt, H. B. Maynard and Company, Pittsburgh, PA, tschmidt@hbmaynard.com
fidelity for conducting experiential activities associated
commonly with a physical laboratory. The pilot DVL
implementation described here was made up of client Java
applets that ran within a VRML-capable Web browser (for
content presentation and three-dimensional scene rendering),
and a Unix-based server that ran open-source database and
Web server processes. Resources needed to implement the
DVL are diagrammed in Figure 1.
Global Internet
Resources
VL HTML
Media Store
VL
Java Servlet
HTTP Server
SQL DB Server
VL WWW Server
Objects Store
VL
Class
Libraries
Cache
Disk
VRML2 Plug-in
Java Virtual Machine
WWW Browser
FIGURE 1
DISTRIBUTED VIRTUAL LABORATORY ARCHITECUTRE
The client-side of the distributed virtual laboratory
consists of two separate, but integrated components. The
first component implements a Web-Based Training (WBT)
player as a Java applet. This WBT player is used to present
text, image, and other media objects arranged on pages that
are organized in a course, module, and lesson hierarchy.
Content and organization for material presented by the WBT
player is maintained in the remote server’s SQL database. A
collection of question objects (e.g., short-answer and
multiple choice) can be embedded in pages to establish
varying levels of interactivity within lessons. Responses to
0-7803-6669-7/01/$10.00 © 2001 IEEE October 10 - 13, 2001 Reno, NV
31
st
ASEE/IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference
F4C-18