J. DIFFERENTIAL GEOMETRY 36(1992)663 698 THE RESOLVENT OF THE LAPLACIAN ON LOCALLY SYMMETRIC SPACES R. MIATELLO & N. R. WALLACH Introduction Let zyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA X be an /ί dimensional Riemannian symmetric space of strictly negative curvature. Such a space is described as follows. The identity component G of the group of isometries of Xis a simple Lie group of rank 1 over the reals. The stability group K of any point 0 eX is a maximal compact subgroup of G and X = G/K with a Riemannian structure corresponding to a multiple of the Killing form of G . Let Δ denote the Laplace Beltrami operator of X. If T > 0 and x e X, let B τ (x) be the metric ball in X of radius T and center x. Let ζ be the volume of the metric unit sphere in X. Then there is a number h = h(X) > 0 such that Yo\{B τ {x)) ~ ζ e hT /h, T > +oo. Here " ~ " means that the limit of the ratio is 1. In the usual jargon of Lie theory, h = 2p. We use this as the definition since it gives a geometric interpretation of this important number and indicates that it has meaning for a more general class of spaces. It is convenient to write the eigenvalues of Δ in the form v 2 h 2 /4. In this paper we construct a meromorphic family R u (x, y) of smooth functions on X x X diag(X) such that (1) R u (x, y) is holomorphic in v for Rev > 0. (2)If Rei/>0,then R v (x, y) δ (u)e'^ h/2)d(x ' y) , d(x,y) ^ oo. (3) R v {x,y)ζ d(x,yy n+2 \\og(d(x,y))f^ as d{x,y)^0.In particular, this implies that for fixed xeX, R v {x, •) is locally integrable on X. (4) If fe C™(X), Rev > 0, then ί R u (x, y)(Δ v 2 Received December 15, 1989 and, in revised form, September 26, 1991. The first author was partially supported by CONICET and CONICOR, Argentina, and ICTP and TWAS , Trieste; the second author by a National Science Foundation summer grant.