https://biointerfaceresearch.com/ 3446 Review Volume 12, Issue 3, 2022, 3446 - 3471 https://doi.org/10.33263/BRIAC123.34463471 An Apodictic Review on Recent Approaches in Enzyme Technology Chithra Ashok 1 , Dinesh Palanimuthu 1 , Sharmila Devi Velusamy Selvadurai 1 , Rudha Varshini Ammasai 1 , Preethi Pethappampatti Senthilkumar 1 , Rajaseetharama Sekar 1,* 1 Department of Biotechnology, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, Erode, Tamil Nadu, India- 638401 * Correspondence: rajaseetharama@bitsathy.ac.in (R.S.); Scopus Author ID 57222124942 Received: 21.06.2021; Revised: 25.07.2021; Accepted: 29.07.2021; Published: 8.08.2021 Abstract: Enzymes are the most powerful biochemical moieties, predominantly the working tools in all living systems. Many studies have revealed the usage of various enzymes even in the pre-historical periods. Enzymes are known to be the extremely active biocatalyst that is widely involved in many metabolisms. Living systems explore these biomolecules for their metabolism and are exhaustively explored for various industrial and clinical applications. Due to the increasing need for enzyme-based products, various recent research focuses on exploring distinct enzymes & enzyme sources with relatively enhanced characteristics. The elegant motive of this review is to enable the readers and enzyme researchers to compend the basics of enzymes, explore the enormous recent clinical & industrial applications of enzymes like amylase, cellulase, protease, lipase, and esterase. And also, the review highly emphasizes the various enzyme source and their enriched properties like enzyme activity, annotated by recent research works carried out by various research teams across the globe. The review also accentuates the recent advancements in production technologies and high throughput activity prediction assays for the above-mentioned industrially important enzymes. Keywords: enzymes; enzyme sources; therapeutical enzymes; industrial enzymes; high throughput enzyme assays. © 2021 by the authors. This article is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). 1. Introduction Enzymes are the most basic biocatalyst for the catalysis reaction of the substrate. It is a globular protein of high molecular weight with a long linear chain of amino acids like other proteins and having specific properties that depend on the structure. They are made up of a three-dimensional complex of polypeptide chains [1]. Enzymes are available in a wide source such as plants, animal tissues, and several microorganisms, and they are used in the textile and manufacturing industries as an alternative to toxic chemicals for many processing procedures [2]. Nowadays, they are rapidly important in some sectors like pharma, green chemistry, and sustainable technology. The global enzyme market in 2020 was around USD 7.5 billion, and the annual growth rate between 2016 to 2021 is 8.2% [3,4]. The global enzyme market is planned to show high profitable growth of enzymes in the field of detergent, pharmaceutical, and even in the chemical sectors. Enzymes are more sensitive to various entities; they get inactive in high temperatures, acids, radiation and are also easily denatured by some biological factors [5]. Enzymes are powerful biocatalysts. Lowering the activation energy can increase