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DOI: 10.1177/09722629211046082
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Factors Affecting Risk Perception in
Respect of Equity Shares: A Social
Network Analysis Approach
Ranjit Singh
1
, Jayashree Bhattacharjee
2
and K. Kajol
1
Abstract
The study intends to identify the factors that affect the risk perception of investors towards equity shares and further identifies the
association between the identified factors. The study aims to conduct a thorough analysis of the factors affecting risk perception
along with measurement of their influence on risk perception in respect of equity shares using Social Network Analysis (SNA). The
factors influencing risk perception in equity shares have been identified through review of literature. Delphi technique was employed
to determine the association between the factors and the significance of the impact of each of the factors was analysed using SNA.
The study found that culture and education are most critical factors among the other factors influencing risk perception in respect of
equity shares. While the factors such as capacity of investors, framing effect and loss aversion does not have much impact on the risk
perception. The study will help the investors in making decision to invest in equity shares. The present study also gives avenues for the
future research by providing the area where more research is needed.
Key Words
Perception, Equity Shares, Social Network Analysis (SNA), Risk, Investment
Research Article
1
Department of Management Studies, Indian Institute of Information Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India.
2
Department of Business Administration, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India.
Corresponding author:
K. Kajol, Department of Management Studies, Indian Institute of Information Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh 211015, India.
E-mail: rsm2018003@iiita.ac.in
Introduction
The risk is a concept which indicates a potentially negative
influence on an asset or some features of value that may
arise from some present process or future event. Risk
perception is a personalized idealism that people make
about the features and severity of a risk (Bhattacharjee
et al., 2020). Risk perception analyses the opinions of
people when they are asked to evaluate hazardous or risky
activities, substances and technologies (Slovic, 1987). Risk
perception involves peoples’ beliefs, attitudes, judgments
and feelings as well as their values, both social and cultural
and dispositions (Bhattacharjee et al., 2020). It plays an
important role in an individual’s decision-making process
and so with the decision to invest (Pidgeon et al., 1992).
Farrelly and Reichenstein (1984) cited the results of studies
conducted by Godding (1975), Cooley (1977) and
Laughhunn et al. (1981) and concluded that risk perception
is a complex cognitive process.
Out of all forms of investment, investment in equity
share is different from that of others. The risk inherent in
equity investment is relatively high due to uncertainly of
returns and hence the risk perception of investors is also
relatively high and therefore, a proper risk and return trade-
off is essential before making any investment in equity
shares by the retail equity investors (Bhattacharjee et al.,
2020; Singh & Bhowal, 2009a). Higher equity investment
makes people more entrepreneurial and risk-taking which
leads to the growth of the economy (Singh & Bhowal,
2009b). The risk perception has influence upon the equity
investment of the investors (Lennart, 2002; Milliman &
Weber, 1997; Singh & Bhowal, 2009c; Slovic, 1987; ). It
was found that risk perception of investors and actual
equity investment has inverse relationship (Lennart,
2002; Roszkowski, 2010; Singh, 2011a; Veeramani &
Karthikeyan, 2014). Thus, there is a need to manage the
risk perception of the investors in order to get a desired
result in the economy by way of increased investment and
consequently increased level of entrepreneurial activity
Singh and Bhowal (2009b). However, the risk perception
of investors can be managed only if the investors are aware
of their level of risk perception (Singh & Bhowal, 2008)