Asian Pacifc Journal of Cancer Prevention, Vol 15, 2014 8423 DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2014.15.19.8423 Trends of Cancer 1993-2012 in the Srinagarind Hospital Based Population, Khon Kaen, Northeast Thailand Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 15 (19), 8423-8427 Introduction Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide in both developed and developing countries, including Thailand (Siegel et al., 2012; Ferlay et al., 2010; Sriplung et al., 2005). In Thailand, the incidence of all cancers and the mortality rate resulting from malignant diseases gradually increase each year. In particular, incidences of colorectal cancer and breast cancer signifcantly increased during 1989-2000 (Sriplung et al., 2006). Lung cancer, in both males and females, is the most common cancer in many countries (Siegel et al., 2012). However, in Thailand, liver cancer is the most common cancer in males and breast cancer in many parts of the country is the commonest cancer in females (Sriplung et al., 2005), (Public Health Statistic, 2010, reported in Thai language). The number of patients diagnosed with cancer has noticeably increased in Srinagarind Hospital during the last 10 years (unpublished data, reported from Cancer Unit of Srinagarind hospital, 2000-2012). We therefore prepared this overview of all new cancer cases recorded in Srinagarind Hospital during 1993-2012, with an emphasis on changing trends in types of cancer in NE Thailand. 1 Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, 2 Cancer Unit, Srinagarind Hospital, 3 Department of Pediatrics, 4 Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand *For correspondence: pwiyad@kku.ac.th Abstract Background: Cancer is the most common cause of death in Thailand, where treatment outcomes and prognosis are poor and mortality rates remain high. This study reports new cancer cases and trends of all cancers registered in Srinagarind Hospital from 1993 to 2012 and also provides a picture of the cancer situation in Northeast Thailand. Materials and Methods: All new cases of cancer registered in the hospital-based cancer registry at Faculty of Medicine, Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen University during 1993-2012 were included in the study. Results and Conclusions: The number of new cancer cases has gradually increased each year during the last 20 years. The three most common cancers at present in males are liver and bile duct cancer, lung cancer and colorectal cancer, respectively. In females, liver and bile duct, breast and thyroid cancers are now the most frequent. Interestingly, the number of cases of both liver and bile duct cancer and colorectal cancer in males noticeably increased during the second decade of the study. Additionally, breast cancer greatly increased in the same decade and lung cancer in females climbed into the top fve most common cancers. Thyroid cancer has also risen steadily in the last decade. Trends of common cancers are similar to those throughout Thailand. Keywords: Numbers of new cases - cancer - Srinagarind Hospital - hospital based cancer registration RESEARCH ARTICLE Numbers of New Cases and Trends of Cancer 1993-2012: Srinagarind Hospital Based Population, Khon Kaen, North- East Thailand Kosin Wirasorn 1 , Krittika Suwanrungruag 2 , Surapon Wiangnon 3 , Wiyada Punjaruk 4 * Materials and Methods Population and registration procedure Case defnitions: All new cancer cases registered in Srinagarind Hospital between January 1 st , 1993 and December 31 st , 2012 were included in this study. This study is offcially approved by the Khon Kaen University Ethics Committee for Human Research based on the Declaration of Helsinki and the ICH Good Clinical Practice Guidelines with HE571238 of reference number. Sources of data: Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen University (a thousand-bed university hospital), Khon Kaen, Thailand, is situated in the center of NE Thailand and accepts all referred cases from other health care centers in the region. Our data were obtained from the Khon Kaen Cancer Registry, which has recorded data of all cancer cases treated in this hospital since 1987. All data were verifed, checked for coding duplication and entered into the CANREG software (Version 4, available from http://www.iacr.com.fr/canreg4.htm). The data normally collected from each cancer patient included age, sex, date of birth, date of diagnosis, method of diagnosis, primary site of cancer, extension or metastasis, histology of cancer,