INTEGRATION OF AN IMPROVED HARVESTER-ON-CHIP CORE DICE ON
COMMERCIAL SOI-BASED MEMS TECHNOLOGY
G. Murillo
1
*, J. Agustí
1
, G. Abadal
1
, F. Torres
1
, J. Giner
1
, E. Marigó
1
, A. Uranga
1
, N. Barniol
1
1
Dept. Enginyeria Electrònica, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193-Bellaterra, Spain
Abstract: This work presents the design of the fully-dedicated core dice of an energy harvester-on-chip (HoC)
with electrostatic transduction. The core dice has been fabricated by using a SOI-BASED MEMS technology
which allows us to fix the problems found in the first prototype. The main highlights of this design are the use of
ARCHITECH® software, which offers us the possibility of carrying out a parametric design by defining
hierarchical blocks, and the advantage of using a SOI silicon layer of 60 μm to fabricate the mechanical
suspensions, which increases the robustness and performance of the design. Simulations have been performed in
order to validate the final design. Finally, several attempts of assembling the core dice together with a support
substrate, by using an ad-hoc bonding technique, have been carrying out.
Keywords: Harvester-on-Chip, Energy Scavenging, Silicon-over-Insulator, Electrostatic Transduction
INTRODUCTION
The basic ideas of the concept of HoC are the use
of the whole chip as inertial mass of a damped spring-
mass system, and the micromachinable area to define
the transduction and anchored parts. The first HoC
prototype, which was just a proof-of-concept, was
introduced in a previous work [1] and it was
fabricated in a CMOS technology. In this case, the
core dice has been fabricated by using a SOI-BASED
MEMS technology which allows us to fix the
problems found in the first prototype. For this design,
we have used of ARCHITECH® software, which
allow to perform parametric design by defining
hierarchical blocks.
IMPROVED DESIGN
This chip has been designed with the idea of
fixing the problems found in the first prototype of this
concept [1]. Several conclusions were extracted from
the last proof-of-concept prototype. First, there is a
trade-off between transduction area and stiffness loss
in each individual suspension, with its subsequent size
increase and worsening of the vibration direction
selectivity, when the cells number is increased.
Therefore, the idea of multi-cells, which was
introduced with the HoC concept, has to be changed,
by joining the cells, in order to decrease the
suspensions amount and increasing the number of
comb driver fingers and consequently the transduction
area. Secondly, the ratio between transduction area
and chip volume has to be improved by increasing the
comb-driver finger thickness. In order to overcome
these two challenges, we have changed from a
standard CMOS technology to a commercial SOI-
MEMS fabrication technology. The technology
selected was MEMSOI from Tronics®. This foundry
allows us to use a 60 μm silicon layer to build our
fingers and suspensions. This change is translated into
an improvement of the resonance movement direction
selectivity and an increase of more than one order of
magnitude in the transduction density.
Fig. 1: Parametric model of the whole chip and
detailed scavenging spine model.
Typically, the design process of a chip with these
features is a tedious work, where after the first design
several cycles of simulation-redesign have to be
carried out, with the consequence of an increase in
difficulty and design time. In this case, we have used
ARCHITECH® [2] to parametrically define the chip
elements and features and obtain useful simulation
results. The advantage of use this type of design
procedure is that this software can automatically
generate the final device layout. Once we have the
parametric scavenger model (see Fig. 1), we can
change dynamically parameters, such as comb-driver
beams number or the suspensions type, without
redrawing the design layout. Only the electrical
connection tracks and the test pads had to be manually
PowerMEMS 2009, Washington DC, USA, December 1-4, 2009 0-9743611-5-1/PMEMS2009/$20©2009TRF 233