OPEN ACCESS Pharmacologia ISSN 2044-4648 DOI: 10.5567/pharmacologia.2016.44.52 Research Article Evaluation of Anti-Hyperlipidemic Potential of Prosopis cineraria Extract Against High Fat Diet Induced Hyperlipidemia in Laboratory Rat Pankaj G. Jain and Sanjay J. Surana R.C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Dist-Dhule, 425405, Maharashtra, India Abstract Background and Objective: In development and progression of atherosclerosis, hypercholesterolemia plays a vital role. Prosopis cineraria L. Druce family, Fabaceae, Leguminosae reported to have various pharmacological potential. Hence, the aim of the present investigation was to evaluate its anti-hyperlipidemic potential against High Fat Diet (HFD) induced hyperlipidemia in the laboratory rat. Methodology: High fat diet fed was administered in sprague-Dawley rats (180-220 gm) for 60 days to induced hyperlipidemia. Rat co-administered with either aqueous extract of Prosopis cineraria fruit (AQ-PCF) or ethanolic extract of Prosopis cineraria fruit (ET-PCF) or petroleum ether extract of Prosopis cineraria fruit (PE-PCF) at a dose of 100, 200 and 400 mg kgG 1 , p.o. Results: Administration of AQ-PCF (400 mg kgG 1 ) and PE-PCF (200 and 400 mg kgG 1 ) showed significant inhibition in HFD induced alterations in triglyceride, cholesterol, High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDLC), Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDLC) and Very Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (VLDLC) whereas, LDL to HDL ratio and atherogenic index were significantly and dose-dependently decreased by PE-PCF (200 and 400 mg kgG 1 ) treatment as compared to HFD control rats. Administration of ET-PCF (200 and 400 mg kgG 1 ) showed significant and dose-dependent inhibition in HFD induced alterations in triglyceride, cholesterol and HDLC levels whereas, LDLC, VLDLC, LDL-HDL ratio and atherogenic index were significantly inhibited as compared to HFD control group. Conclusion: Findings of present investigation suggest that presence of bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, glycosides and phenolic contents from Prosopis cineraria extract may cause depletion of deposited lipid content from peripheral tissues by reverse cholesterol transport and inhibit foam cell formation. Key words: Prosopis cineraria, hyperlipidemia, high fat diet, VLDLC, AQ-PCF, LDL-HDL ratio Received: September 08, 2015 Accepted: November 29, 2015 Published: December 15, 2015 Citation: Pankaj G. Jain and Sanjay J. Surana, 2016. Evaluation of Anti-hyperlipidemic Potential of Prosopis cineraria Extract Against High Fat Diet Induced Hyperlipidemia in Laboratory Rat. Pharmacologia, 7: 44-52. Corresponding Author: Pankaj G. Jain, R.C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Dist-Dhule, 425405, Maharashtra, India Copyright: © 2016 Pankaj G. Jain et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the creative commons attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Competing Interest: The authors have declared that no competing interest exists. Data Availability: All relevant data are within the paper and its supporting information files.