Research Article
Gateway to Recovery: A Comparative Analysis of Stroke Patients’
Experiences of Change and Learning in Norway and Denmark
Hanne Pallesen ,
1
Lena Aadal ,
1
Siri Moe ,
2
and Cathrine Arntzen
3,4
1
Hammel Neurorehabilitation Centre and University Research Clinic, RM, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
2
Department of Health and Care Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Te Arctic University of Norway,
9037 Tromsø, Norway
3
Centre for Care Research, North, Department of Health and Care Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences,
UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Norway
4
Division of Rehabilitation Services, University Hospital of North Norway, 9038 Tromsø, Norway
Correspondence should be addressed to Hanne Pallesen; hannpall@rm.dk
Received 5 November 2018; Accepted 19 December 2018; Published 17 January 2019
Academic Editor: Jefrey Jutai
Copyright © 2019 Hanne Pallesen et al. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License,
which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Objectives. Te recovery process is reported by stroke survivors to be a change process fraught with crises and hazard. Interaction
with health professionals and others may play a central role in establishing renewed control over life. Research Questions. (1)
How do patients handle and overcome experienced changes afer stroke? (2) How do they experience the support to handle
these changes during the frst year afer stroke? (3) How do the similarities and diferences transpire in Danish and Norwegian
contexts? Methodology. A qualitative method was chosen. Six patients from Denmark and fve patients from Norway (aged 25-66)
were followed up until one year afer stroke, by way of individual interviews. Te data were analyzed (using NVivo 11) by means
of phenomenological analysis. Findings. Te participants described four main issues in the recovery process that impacted the
experienced changes: (i) strategies and personal factors that promote motivation, (ii) the involvement of family, social network,
and peers, (iii) professionals’ support, and (iv) social structures that limit the recovery process. Tere was a diversity of professional
support and some interesting variations in fndings about factors that afected recovery and the ability to manage a new life situation
between Central Denmark and Northern Norway. Both Norwegian and Danish participants experienced positive changes and
progress on the bodily level, as well as in terms of activity and participation. Furthermore, they learned how to overcome limitations,
especially in bodily functions and daily activities at home. Unfortunately, progress or support related to psychosocial rehabilitation
was almost absent in the Norwegian data.
1. Introduction
Stroke is a very common illness. It ofen leads to lifelong
critical disability [1]. All stroke survivors are at risk of
complications during recovery, regardless of stroke severity
[2]. Patients’ initial experiences afer the onset of stroke are
well described in various studies [3, 4]. Te frst review of
the patient’s experiences of stroke was published in 1988 by
Doolittle [3, 4]. Tis was followed in 1997 by Hafsteinsdottir
& Grypdonck, in their work “Being a stroke patient” [5],
which showed that, in relation to functional abilities, stroke
patients ofen have clear goals for themselves, against which
they measure all success and progress in their rehabilitation.
Furthermore, stroke patients see recovery as a return to the
life they had lived before the stroke, which is diferent from
the view sometimes held by health care providers, which they
consider to be “more realistic” [6].
Many studies describe stroke as a sudden interruption of
what was otherwise expected to be a normal life course, which
disrupts everything related to the activities of daily living
[6, 8–10]. In gaining a modicum of control over the body
and habitual tasks, they start to be able to cope and shape
their training to suit their own requirements [11]. Strategies
for motivating and learning are linked in other studies to
work identities [12]. Interaction with health professionals and
with others in the same situation and the same surroundings
Hindawi
Rehabilitation Research and Practice
Volume 2019, Article ID 1726964, 14 pages
https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1726964