Research Article Protective Effects of Intralipid and Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester on Nephrotoxicity Caused by Dichlorvos in Rats Muhammet Murat Celik, 1 Ayse Alp, 2 Recep Dokuyucu, 3 Ebru Zemheri, 4 Seyma Ozkanli, 4 Filiz Ertekin, 5 Mehmet Yaldiz, 6 Abdurrahman Akdag, 7 Ozlem Ipci, 6 and Serhat Toprak 6 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Mustafa Kemal University, 31000 Hatay, Turkey 2 Department of Biochemistry, Te Government Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 31000 Hatay, Turkey 3 Department of Medical Physiology, Medical Faculty, Mustafa Kemal University, 31000 Hatay, Turkey 4 Department of Pathology, Medeniyet University Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, 81054 Istanbul, Turkey 5 Department of Internal Medicine, Ministry of Health Batman Regional Government Hospital, 72000 Batman, Turkey 6 Department of Medical Pathology, Medical Faculty, Mustafa Kemal University, 31000 Hatay, Turkey 7 Department of Chemistry, Science and Arts Faculty, Mustafa Kemal University, 31000 Hatay, Turkey Correspondence should be addressed to Muhammet Murat Celik; muratcelikdr@yahoo.com Received 28 September 2014; Revised 2 February 2015; Accepted 17 February 2015 Academic Editor: Shixin Deng Copyright © 2015 Muhammet Murat Celik et al. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Te protective efects of Cafeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE) and intralipid (IL) on nephrotoxicity caused by acute Dichlorvos (D) toxicity were investigated in this study. Forty-eight Wistar Albino rats were divided into 7 groups as follows: Control, D, CAPE, intralipid, D + CAPE, D + IL, and D + CAPE + IL. When compared to D group, the oxidative stress index (OSI) values were signifcantly lower in Control, CAPE, and D + IL + CAPE groups. When compared to D + IL + CAPE group, the TOS and OSI values were signifcantly higher in D group ( < 0.05). When mitotic cell counts were assessed in the renal tissues, it was found that mitotic cell count was signifcantly higher in the D group while it was lower in the D + CAPE, D + IL, and D + IL + CAPE groups when compared to the control group ( < 0.05). Also, immune reactivity showed increased apoptosis in D group and low profle of apoptosis in the D + CAPE group when compared to the Control group. Te apoptosis level was signifcantly lower in D + IL + CAPE compared to D group ( < 0.05) in the kidneys. As a result, we concluded that Dichlorvos can be used either alone or in combination with CAPE and IL as supportive therapy or as facilitator for the therapeutic efect of the routine treatment in the patients presenting with pesticide poisoning. 1. Introduction Organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) have been widely and efectively used for applications in agricultural settings, public health, commerce, and individual households worldwide in order to increase efciency of agricultural production and maintain hygienic conditions [1, 2]. Dichlorvos (2, 2- dichlorovinyl phosphate) (D) is an OP that is widely used worldwide. Since its commercial introduction in 1961, D has been increasingly used in many countries and produced important benefts by controlling internal and external par- asites in livestock and domestic animals as well as insects in houses and felds [3]. However, the extensive applications of D inevitably cause environmental, soil, and crop pollution. Consequently, human exposure to low levels of D became chronic via contaminated food and water. Recently, the efects of D on human health have raised increasing attention in community [4]. Te clinical signs and symptoms associ- ated with acute D poisoning are generally attributable to acetylcholine (ACh) accumulation following the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Overstimulation of the ACh causes the clinical signs and symptoms including muscarinic, nicotinic, and central nervous system toxic efects [5]. In addition, acute cholinergic efects may cause irreversible and progressive neurological defcits in both humans and animals [6]. Several antidotes have been evaluated for the routine treatment of OP poisoning and the currently recommended Hindawi Publishing Corporation Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry Volume 2015, Article ID 491406, 8 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/491406