Muslim Intellectuals in the Beginning of 21 st Century Indonesia 351 JOURNAL OF INDONESIAN ISLAM Volume 11, Number 02, December 2017 NAHDLATUL ULAMA AND THE PRODUCTION OF MUSLIM INTELLECTUALS IN THE BEGINNING OF 21 ST CENTURY INDONESIA Khoirun Niam UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya, Indonesia | fniam70@yahoo.co.id Abstract: Social transformation carried out by the New Order government through the development program resulted on the emergence of various face of Muslim intellectuals in Indonesia. They are divergent and located in a great variety of institutional settings as well as in the interstices between a number of institutional orders. This paper aims at analysing the production and dynamics of Muslims intellectuals within the largest Muslim mass organisations in Indonesia, Nahdlatul Ulama (NU/The Awakening of Muslim Scholars). It begins with the discussion of scholarly perspectives of the correlation between Islamic organisation and Muslim intellectuals. It then examines the production of Muslim intellectuals within NU, questioning the issue of young and old generation, and finally analysing the relationship between institution and the development of intellectualism within NU. Keyword: Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), Muslim intellectuals, Indonesia. Introduction As the greatest Islamic organizations in Indonesia, Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) should be discussed, if we would like to trace the existence of Indonesian Muslim intellectuals. The question is, may Muslim intellectuals in Indonesia be classified to the NU intellectuals, Muhammadiyah intellectuals and others? This question was posed to several Indonesian Muslim intellectuals in interview while collecting the material for this study. The positive answer indicated that such DOI: 10.15642/JIIS.2017.11.2.351-388