Chapter 6 MOF-Derived Nanoparticles and Single Atoms for Electrochemical Reactions Victor Charles *,1 and Satesh Gangarapu 2 1 Modibbo Adama University of Technology, Yola 652105, Nigeria 2 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, United Kingdom * Email: victorcharles2020@gmail.com Metal–organic framework (MOF)-derived materials have atracted much interest because of their various advantages. Tey are usually synthesized through high-temperature pyrolysis to obtain composites. Te distinct crystalline and porous structures along with additional tailored compositions of MOFs make them outstanding templates and precursors to create nanostructures by high- temperature pyrolysis. Products obtained from pyrolysis have been used ofen in the feld of catalysis. In electrocatalysis precisely, MOF-derived materials have found many applications in oxygen evolution reaction (OER), hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), carbon dioxide reduction reaction, nitrogen reduction reaction, and many more. In this chapter, we summarize works on the morphological structures of MOF-derived materials, comprehensively explaining the applications of MOF-derived nanoparticles and single atoms for electrochemical reactions, with a focus on OER, ORR, and HER. We discuss the mechanistic principles of OER, ORR, and HER. We explain the OER, ORR, and HER performances of the electrocatalysts synthesized in studies. 1.0. Introduction Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), also known as porous coordination polymers, are constructed by using inorganic nodes (metal ions and clusters) with organic linkers. MOFs represent a unique kind of material of crystalline nature formed when the clusters of metal ions are interrelated by ligands that are multifunctional (1). MOFs have been used as gas sensors, precursors for the synthesis of nanocomposites, and materials for the synthesis of various catalysts. Features of MOFs include high micropore volume, tunable pore diameter, crystallinity, and a high metal content ofering potentially valuable active sites. MOFs possess advantages such as diversity of structures and large surface areas because of their unique features, which set them apart for a wide variety of industrial processes (2). Among the uses of MOFs are storing and transportation of gases, separation © 2020 American Chemical Society Downloaded via Victor Charles on November 3, 2020 at 15:45:27 (UTC). See https://pubs.acs.org/sharingguidelines for options on how to legitimately share published articles. Sudarsanam and Singh; Advanced Heterogeneous Catalysts Volume 2: Applications at the Single-Atom Scale ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 2020.