ISSN 1063-7842, Technical Physics, 2011, Vol. 56, No. 1, pp. 55–60. © Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2011.
Original Russian Text © E.A. Bogdanov, A.A. Kudryavtsev, A.S. Chirtsov, 2011, published in Zhurnal Tekhnicheskoі Fiziki, 2011, Vol. 81, No. 1, pp. 59–64.
55
Scientific and applied interest in the high-pressure
glow discharge is largely due to the fact that it does not
need expensive and bulky vacuum equipment. As a
result, facilities using this type of discharge are much
cheaper and easier to operate.
In experiments, high-pressure discharges are
maintained only if their size is small. Reasons are the
following. It is known (see, e.g., [1]) that optimal con-
ditions for glow discharge initiation and maintenance
are near a minimum in the Paschen curve (Stoletov
point), where pL = 0.5–5.0 cm Torr (p is the gas pres-
sure and L is the interelectrode gap). Therefore, when
the pressure is low (p ~ 1 Torr), the size of the dis-
charge region is typically equal to several centimeters
or more, while at a high pressure (p = 100–760 Torr),
the discharge region shrinks to several millimeters or
even micrometers. Such microdischarges (see, e.g.,
[2, 3]) are characterized by an elevated energy deposit,
all other things being the same. Since heat removal
conditions grow worse at a high pressure, the gas is
heated more strongly than in low-pressure discharges
[1–3].
That the gas temperature in high-pressure dis-
charges (in which charges are lost in volume processes
rather than at walls or electrodes) rises is well known
and well studied for extended discharges with a posi-
tive column (see, e.g., [1, 4]). It has been found in
many experiments that developing thermal instabili-
ties lead, in this case, to a descending voltage–current
characteristic of the column and, consequently, make
the discharge unstable.
1
1
In practice, extended high-pressure discharges (that is, those
having a positive column) can be initiated only using special
means, such as gas pumping, pulsed power supply, etc.
Therefore, stable high-pressure discharges with an
ascending voltage–current characteristic, which are
used in practice, usually have a length such that pL <
10–20 cm Torr, in which case a distinct positive col-
umn is absent [2, 3]. When the length of such dis-
charges (microdischarges) exceeds the size of the
cathode region consisting of a cathode sheath, nega-
tive glow, and Faraday dark space, one can speak of the
transition positive column region, in which the elec-
tric field is distributed nonuniformly.
Unfortunately, despite much practical interest in
the microdischarge because of its stability, the effect of
gas heating on its characteristics has been poorly
understood.
In this work, we carried out 1D simulations of the
microdischarge in argon at p = 300 Torr and two inter-
electrode gap widths, L = 0.100 and 0.333 mm. It is
shown that, as a result of heating the gas and a decrease
in its density, the discharge takes the form of the
obstructed discharge (in other words, as the current
rises and heats up the gas, the discharge initiated in the
right-hand branch of the Paschen curve passes to its
left-hand branch, i.e., takes another form of the volt-
age–current characteristic). Under such conditions,
the voltage–current characteristics of the discharge
behave paradoxically: as the voltage grows, the current
not only remains the same but may even decrease.
When simulating, we used a version of the com-
bined model used earlier in 1D and 2D simulations of
gas discharges [5–8]. For heavy particles, the continu-
ity equations using the diffusion–drift approximation
of charge transfer are solved with allowance for charge
loss and generation in the volume. In the plasma-
chemical model of argon, we took into consideration
three effective excited atomic levels, two excimer lev-
Transition to the Obstructed Discharge and a Sharp Change
in the Voltage–Current Characteristic as a Result of Gas Heating
in a Short (Positive-Column-Free) High-Pressure Glow Discharge
E. A. Bogdanov, A. A. Kudryavtsev*, and A. S. Chirtsov
St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskii pr. 28, Staryi Peterhof, St. Petersburg, 198504 Russia
*e-mail: akud@ak2138.spb.edu
Received April 13, 2010
Abstract—The formation of a high-pressure glow discharge is studied under conditions when the discharge
evolves from the normal glow to the abnormal glow. It is shown that the transition to the voltage–current
characteristic of the obstructed discharge may take place as a result of heating the gas and a decrease in its
density. The obstructed discharge follows the left-hand branch of the Paschen curve and features a sharp volt-
age rise and current density limitation.
DOI: 10.1134/S1063784211010051
GAS DISCHARGES,
PLASMA