phenotype as determined by FACS staining. The cells produced the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL1b, IL6, IL17, IP10, IFNg and TNFa as determined by Multiplex immuno-assay and the cytotoxins perforin and granzyme B, all necessary for viral elimination. The generation of HAdV specific T-cells from naive UCB cells in response to 15-mer HAdV peptides seems an essential step in devel- oping a more tailor-made adoptive therapy for HAdV infection for recipients of UCB transplants. 1 Haveman, LM, Bierings M, Legger E, et al. Novel pan-DR-bind- ing T-cell epitopes of adenovirus induce pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in healthy donors. Int Immunol. 2006;18:1521-9. 15 FLAGELLIN-TLR5 IMMUNE RESPONSE: A NOVEL MECHANISM TO RE- DUCE GVHD IN ALLOGENEIC HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLAN- TATION Hossain, M.S. 1 , Gewirtz, A.T. 2 , Roback, J.D. 2 , Waller, E.K. 1 1 Emory University, Atlanta, GA; 2 Emory University, Atlanta, GA Background: Immunosuppressive drugs are used to limit GvHD but causes complications. To develop an alternative approach to control GvHD, we tested the immunomodulatory immune proper- ties of flagellin, a bacterial protein that agonistically binds with TLR5. Methods: We used established B6 to CB6F1 and B10.BR to B6 allo- geneic HSCT recipients had both acute and chronic GvHD. 50 mg fla- gellin administered i.p 3 hours before 11 Gy irradiation. 5 million (M) T-cell depleted bone marrow (TCD BM) and 5 M splenocytes of con- geneic donors were transplanted i.v. 24 hours later another dose of fla- gellin were administered i.p. Control recipients were treated with 0.2 ml PBS i.p. HSCT mice were monitored every day for mortality. Weight of individual mice was measured twice a week until 30 days post transplant and once a week after that to measure GvHD. Immune reconstitution was determined by measuring immune cells/organs and infecting the recipients with 5Â10E3 pfu MCMV i.p. Results: Flagellin treated recipients of in B6 to F1 model survived 100% and gained weight to almost normal level within 66 days post transplant. But the control group survived 80% and had signs of chronic GvHD. Flagellin-treated recipients in B10 to B6 model had 15% weight-loss and 33% transplant-related death by 132 days post trans- plant versus had severe acute GvHD and 100% early post-transplant mortality among control HSCT recipients. Flagellin-treated recipients in B6 to F1 model showed 100% chimerism with significantly higher number of donor spleen- and BM-derived CD4+ and CD8 + T cells per spleen in untreated recipients compared to control recipients within 66 days post transplant. In the spleen CFSE labeled CD4 + T cells di- vided faster in flagellin-treated recipients than the control recipients and decreasing the number of CD4 + CD62L+ T cells within 4 days post transplant. B6 to F1 recipients were infected with MCMV on 70+ days post transplant. Control mice died within day 10 post infection whereas flagellin-treated recipients recovered from MCMV infection and had higher number anti-viral+ CD8 + T cells in their blood on day 10 and 35 post infection. Increased numbers of CD25+foxp3 + CD4+ regulatory T cells were also measured from their thymus on day 35 post MCMV infection. Conclusion: Flagellin treatment successfully controlled GvHD, en- hances donor T-cell engraftment, had brisk and persistent cellular immune responses in lymphoid organs to protect recipients from vi- ral infection. 16 FACTORS PREDICTING NEW-ONSET DIABETES MELLITUS AND META- BOLIC SYNDROME AFTER ALLOGENEIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION: IMPLICATION FOR EARLY PREVENTIVE INTERVENTION Griffith, M.L. 1 , Misfeldt, A.A. 1 , Chen, H. 2 , Jagasia, M. 3 , Kassim, A. 3 , Savani, B.N. 3 , Survant, M. 1 , Jagasia, S.M. 1 1 Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; 2 Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; 3 Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN Background: Incidence and risk factors for post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) and long-term development of metabolic syn- drome (MS) after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) are not well defined. We conducted a prospective study of 84 patients (pts) undergoing allo-SCT with cyclosporine-based graft-versus- host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis to evaluate risk factors and inci- dence of PTDM in the first 100 days. Prevalence of MS at long- term followup was assessed. Methods: Allo-SCT candidates without preexisting DM who met screening criteria were enrolled. Demographic data and baseline laboratory data including fasting blood glucose (FBG), lipids, insu- lin, c-peptide, and fructosamine were collected. PTDM was de- fined by FBG . 126 mg/dl or random BG . 200. Peak dose and duration of systemic steroid (SS) treatment for GVHD was col- lected. MS was defined by NCEP ATPIII criteria based on annual screens. Results: Median age of pts was 46 years (yrs) (range 21-66). 44 (52%) were male. Median FBG pre-SCT was 97 (range 79-121). 50 of 84 (60%) pts developed DM at median of 23 days (interquartile range 14.2-33.8) post-transplant. 33 pts completed study to day 100 with- out PTDM and 1 died before day 100 without PTDM. Age was sim- ilar regardless of PTDM development. 28 pts (56%) with PTDM and 16 pts (47%) without PTDM were exposed to SS prior to reach- ing endpoints of PTDM or day 100. Pre-transplant c-peptide levels were higher in pts with PTDM (median 4.45 mg/dL vs 2.55, p 5 0.015). Among pts receiving SS before day 100, pts with PTDM were more likely to have received . 1 mg/kg/day of SS (p 5 0.002). Median post-transplant followup was 1.5 yrs (range 18 days-3.6 yrs). 45 pts (54%) were screened for MS at their annual or subsequent visits (17 pts deceased prior to 1 yr post-SCT). Of the pts for whom long-term metabolic data were collected, 17 (38%) met criteria for MS. Compared to pts who did not develop MS, these pts were older (56 vs 41.5 yrs, p 5 0.005) and had higher pre-transplant fasting triglyceride levels (177 vs 108 mg/dl, p 5 0.005). Interestingly, GVHD and use of SS were not associated with development of MS. Conclusions: Our data suggest that pre-SCT c-peptide predicts PTDM, while high triglyceride levels and older age associate with long-term MS. These findings may help with counseling, monitoring, and planning interventions to reduce metabolic sequelae after allo- SCT, which contribute to cardiac complications in young patients af- ter allo-SCT. 17 AUGMENTATION OF HEMATOPOIETIC ENGRAFTMENT WITHOUT GRAFT VERSUS HOST DISEASE BY ‘‘ADD-BACK’’ OF PHOTOCHEMICALLY TREATED T LYMPHOCYTES IN MISMATCHED CORD BLOOD TRANSPLAN- TATION Kanathezhath, B. 1,2 , Neumayr, L. 1 , Guo, H. 1 , Walters, M.C. 1 , Kuypers, F.A. 2 1 Children’s Hospital & Research Center, Oakland, CA; 2 Children’s Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA Introduction: Unrelated cord blood transplantation (CBT) is asso- ciated with a risk of graft rejection due in part to a limiting cellular content of the CB unit. We have investigated the co-infusion of pho- tochemically (psoralen S59) treated mature donor T lymphocytes in a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) [H2-haplotype] mis- matched murine transplant model as a new method to facilitate en- graftment of donor CB cells. Methods: We analyzed the rates of donor hematopoietic cell en- graftment, graft versus host disease (GVHD), and long-term survival in H2 haplotype disparate [C57BL/6 (H2Kk/Thy1.1) / AKR (H2Kb/Thy1.2)] mice after CBT. Three different experimental groups were transplanted after sublethal radiation. Group 1 received allogeneic full term newborn peripheral blood alone, group 2 was transplanted with the same donor cells and unmanipulated donor T cells, and group 3 was transplanted with the similar donor cells and psoralen (S-59) treated donor T cells. Results: We observed a low rate of donor engraftment after trans- plantation with cord blood alone (Group 1). The best results were observed after transplantation with 3 x 10 6 nucleated cord blood cells and 9 x10 6 S-59 treated T cells (Group 3b)(p 5 0.007). The engraftment rate was 75% compared to 12.5% after trans- plantation with 6 x 10 6 CB cells alone (p 5 0.04). The long- term survival in group 3 was 100% and the rate and severity of S160 Oral Presentations