Europ. J. Combinatorics (1988) 9, 245-247
The Classification of Polarities in Reducible Projective Spaces
F. DECLERCK AND F. MAZZOCCA
The classification of polarities in irreducible projective spaces is well-known. In this note we
classify the polarities in reducible projective spaces.
INTRODUCTION
A projective space or graphic space [3] is called irreducible if it has no lines incident with
exactly two points, i.e. if it has no short lines. If a projective space has short lines it is called
a reducible projective space.
It is known (see for instance [3]) that a reducible projective space of dimension n is a direct
sum P. = P
1
E9 P
2
E9 · · · E9 pm of irreducible projective spaces pi of dimension ni, such
that
n = L
m
ni + m- 1.
A polarity u in P. is a permutation of the set D(P.) of subspaces of P. such that for any
V and W of D(P.), V c W implies W" c V" and V"
2
= V.
We will construct a polarity of a reducible projective space. Lett be a fixed integer such
that 0 t m. If t -# 0, then we fix in each of the projective spaces pi (1 i t)
a polarity ui. If h = m - t -# 0, we suppose that h is even and n,+
1
= n,+
2
; n,+
3
=
nt+4; ... ; nm-l = nm.
We denote by r the permutation (t + 1, t + 2) (t + 3, t + 4) ... (m - 1, m) of the
set {1, 2, ... , m}.
Finally let ui (t < i m) be a correlation between pi and p<(i) such that for a point p
of pi and a point q of p<(i) holds
(i.e. ui-I = u,(i)).
If p is a point of pi we define p" as follows.
pi$ . .. $ pi-l $ p"' $ pi+l $ ... $ pm,
if i t,
p" = pi$ . .. $pi $ p"' $ pi+2 $ ... $ pm,
if i = t + k, k odd,
{
pi$ . .. $ pi-2 $ p"' $pi $ ... $ pm,
if i = t + k, k even (k > 0).
Then it is obvious that p" is a hyperplane of P •. This map u induces a polarity in P. which
we also will denote by u. It is obvious that for any subspace H of P., H" = npeH p" and
that dimH" = n - 1 - dimH.
Any polarity u defined as above will be called a (t, r)-polarity of P •.
We will prove that there are no other polarities.
THEOREM 1. Let u be a polarity of Pn. If
Hi = (PI E9 ... E9 pi-I E9 pi+I E9 ... E9 pm)" Pj,
with i -# j, then Hi = Pj.
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0195-6698/88/030245 +03 $02.00/0 © 1988 Academic Press Limited