Session T2J
978-1-4244-4714-5/09/$25.00 ©2009 IEEE October 18 - 21, 2009, San Antonio, TX
39
th
ASEE/IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference
T2J-1
A Study of the Effect of Instructional Media in an
Undergraduate Electrical Circuits Course
Xiaoyan Mu, Deborah Walter, and Carlotta Berry
Rose-Human Institute of Technology, Terre Haute, IN
mu@rose-hulman.edu, Deborah.Walter@Rose-Hulman.Edu, Carlotta.Berry@Rose-Hulman.Edu
Pinghua Jiang
Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
jiangpinghua@hotmail.com
Abstract - In various studies, it has been demonstrated that
instructional media plays an important role in instructors’
teaching and students’ learning. The purpose of this study
is to assess the students’ preferences for different
instructional media and the impact of different
instructional media on the students’ learning and course-
related behavior in an undergraduate electrical circuit’s
course. The instructional media under study were:
Computer-based PowerPoint presentation, whiteboard
only, combination of PowerPoint and whiteboard and
combination of printed handouts and whiteboard. Two
schools participated in this study: Rose-Hulman Institute
of Technology (RHIT), Terre Haute, IN and Qingdao
University, Qingdao, P. R. China. At RHIT, two midterm
exams and one final exam were used to assess the learning
effectiveness of different instructional media. To
understand the course related behavior, each of the
instructors were asked to assess their students’ behavior in
terms of attendance, amount of classroom interaction,
percent of homework completion and web logins. At the
end of the quarter, a questionnaire was collected from
participating students to measure their preference for the
instructional media. The same questionnaire was given to
the students at Qingdao University to study their
preference for different instructional media.
Index Terms - Instructional Media, PowerPoint, Students’
learning
INTRODUCTION
In the last 15 years, PowerPoint has become more popular in
college classrooms [1]-[4]. Many professors still prefer the
traditional “chalk-and-talk” lectures. Although there has been
much discussion concerning using PowerPoint in lectures [5]-
[8], there is limited evidence to support the positive impact of
a PowerPoint presentation on the student’s learning, attitude
and his/her course-related behavior (attendance, classroom
participation and so on). Few studies exist to show the benefit
of combining PowerPoint with traditional whiteboard lectures
and reaping the benefit of both of them. One advantage of
using PowerPoint is that it saves the students’ time in taking
notes so that the instructor can cover more material and
examples in the class. An alternate way is to give the students
printed handouts in class. This study will focus on the
following four instructional media and assess the effectiveness
of them:
1. Whiteboard only (The instructor uses the whiteboard
mainly and doesn’t use any multimedia equipment.
No printed handouts are given for most of the
lectures. The instructor writes important concepts and
solve problems on the whiteboard)
2. Computer-based PowerPoint presentation only (The
instructor gives PowerPoint presentations in lectures
and rarely writes on whiteboard. The professor
presents a set of static slides and both the problem
statements and solutions to the examples are
presented in the slides.)
3. Combination of PowerPoint and whiteboard. (The
instructor uses PowerPoint for key concepts and
principles but whiteboard for examples. The
PowerPoint slides have only the problem statements
for in-class examples and the instructor works
through the problems on the whiteboard.)
4. Combination of printed handouts and whiteboard.
(The instructor works though in-class examples on
the whiteboard and gives the students a copy of
printed handouts which contains the basic principles
and problem statements.)
The study was conducted during the 2007 and 2008 school
years and included more than 200 engineering students who
completed the electrical circuits course.
METHOD
Participants
Two schools participated in the study: Rose-Hulman Institute
of Technology (RHIT), Terre Haute, IN and Qingdao
University, Qingdao, P. R. China. RHIT is a private
engineering institute in the Midwest United States and there
are around 1800 full time students. Qingdao University is a
comprehensive public university in China and the student
population of full time students is approximately 40,000. The
participants at RHIT were the students who enrolled in the
Introduction to Electrical Circuits course in fall 2007. Six
instructors taught 9 sections of 210 students and 134 students