EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SORGHUM LEAF EXTRACT AND HERBICIDE IN CONTROLLING FLAX WEEDS Suhad Mathkoor A. Safi 1 *, Watheq Falhi Hammood 1 and Rafid Ahmed Abbas Al-khaldy 2 1 College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq. 2 College of Agriculture, Al-Qasim Green University, Babylon, Iraq. E-mail: suhadsafi7@gmail.com Abstract: This field experiment was carried out to identify the effect of weed herbicides Quizalofop-p-Tefuryl and the sorghum leaves extract in the companion weeds of the local variety of flax and its effect on yield and its components. The results showed that the Quizalofop-p-Tefury1 at a rate of 2 ml.l -1 (T4) achieved the lowest density of the weed plants, the highest control percentage, the highest inhibition percentage and the lowest dry weight of weed with no significant difference from the rest of treatments in reducing the density of the weed plants. The spraying of Quizalofop-p-Tefury1 at a rate of 2 ml.l -1 (T4) achieved the highest average seed number.capsule -1 and the highest yield of flax seed t.ha -1 by (9.35 seeds.capsule -1 , 3.176 t.ha -1 ) and the highest number of capsules.plant -1 of 24.57 with no significant difference from the treatment of spraying Quizalofop-p-Tefury1 at a rate of 1 ml.l -1 (T3), which recorded 21.67 capsules.plant -1 . Also, it achieved the highest weight of 1000 seeds reached 5.80 g with no significant difference from the T1, T2 and T4 treatments, which recorded weight of 5.73, 5.03 and 5.70 g, respectively. Finally, it was observed that the effect of the herbicide is closely related to the extracts in their effect on the weed, yield and components of the flax crop. Key words: Sorghum leaf, Controlling flax weeds, Randomized complete block design (RCBD), Herbicide. Cite this article Suhad Mathkoor A. Safi, Watheq Falhi Hammood and Rafid Ahmed Abbas Al-khaldy (2020). Evaluation of the effectiveness of sorghum leaf extract and herbicide in controlling flax weeds. International Journal of Agricultural and Statistical Sciences. DocID: https://connectjournals.com/03899.2020.16.1559 Int. J. Agricult. Stat. Sci. Vol. 16, Supplement 1, pp.1559-1563, 2020 www.connectjournals.com/ijass DocID: https://connectjournals.com/03899.2020.16.1559 ISSN : 0973-1903, e-ISSN : 0976-3392 ORIGINAL ARTICLE *Author for correspondence Received May 28, 2020 Revised July 08, 2020 Accepted July 29, 2020 1. Introduction The main problem that crops generally face is the risk of spreading the weeds, which leads to direct effects that reduce production in quantity and quality by competing it on the requirements of growth (water, light, place etc.). However, this competition is one of the most important factors for the success or failure of crops cultivation and raising or reduce their commercial value [Al-Mubarak et al. (2012)], where the weed causes great to crops, in the forefront, are yield losses, crop growth rates and poor product quality. Flax is a very weak competitor of the weed [Chhaganiya et al. (2018)], as the yield losses rate of flax reached 34.2% due to the non-controlling of the weed [Mani et al. (1968)]. Despite the importance of flax being an oil crop that contains many unsaturated fatty acids such as Omega 3, Omega 6 and Omega 9 [Oomah (2001)] by 40%, fiber by 20-25% and protein by 20-25% [Rabetafika et al . (2011)]. The weed growth with the crop will lead to decrease seed yield and thus decrease rates of oil, fiber and protein extracted from its seeds. The use of herbicides to control the growing weed in the flax fields in Canada resulted in a clear reduction in the weed fresh weight ranged between 70-87% [Flax Council of Canada (2016)], as well as, the use of Quizalofop-ethyl with hand weeding after 30 days of spraying in control of the growing weed with the flax crop to reduce the dry weight of weed, which amounted to 298.85 kg.ha -1 , with inhibition percentage of 80.90% and a weed index of 1.44%. These results are reflected in the yield and its components, as it gave 50.32 capsules.plant -1 and 7.60