Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Fisika Vol 1 No. 3 Oktober 2017 113 PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN KOGNITIF LITERASI SAINS PADA POKOK BAHASAN TEKANAN DI KELAS VIII SMP KOTA BANJARMASIN Zainab, Mustika Wati, Sarah Miriam Program Studi Pendidikan Fisika FKIP ULM Banjarmasin zainabzereka@gmail.com Abstrak: Instrumen kognitif literasi sains masih terbilang baru dan belum banyak dikembangkan sehingga kemampuan literasi sains siswa yang masih rendah. Untuk itu dilakukan pengembangan instrument kognitif literasi sains yang bertujuan untuk mendiskripsikan (1) validitas instrument kognitif (2) reliabilitas instrument kognitif (3) tingkat kesukaran instrument kognitif dan (4) daya pembeda instrument kognitif. Penelitian pengembangan ini mengacu pada model pengembangan yang diadaptasi Borg and Gall. Pada tahap analisis kebutuhan serta pengumpulan data dilakukan analisis kebutuhan, kajian literatur dan observasi lapangan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa sangat dibutuhkannya instrumen kognitif literasi sains agar kemampuan literasi sains siswa menjadi lebih baik. Produk penelitian yang dikembangkan berupa instrumen kognitif untuk soal uraian. Teknik analisis data berupa validasi instrumen kognitif, reliabilitas instrumen kognitif, tingkat kesukaran instrumen kognitif dan daya pembeda. Hasil instrumen kognitif literasi sains menunjukkan bahwa (1) validitas instrumen kognitif yang dikembangkan tergolong dalam kategori baik (2) reliabilitas instrumen yang dikembangkan memiliki reliabel yang tinggi (3) tingkat kesukaran memiliki kriteria soal yang proporsional yaitu sukar 25%, sedang 50% dan mudah 25% (4) daya pembeda pada uji coba pemakaian soal yang diterima 58,4%, soal yang diterima tetapi perlu diperbaiki 33,3%, dan soal yang dibuang 8,3%. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengembangan instrumen kognitif literasi sains dapat digunakan sebagai evaluasi dalam pembelajaran. Kata kunci: Instrumen kognitif, Literasi sains. Abstract: The cognitive instrument of science literature still relatively new and not yet widely developed so student’s skill of sains literacy still low. For that further, investigated to the development cognitive instruments of sains literacy who has aimed to describe: (1) Validity of cognitive instruments, (2) reliability of cognitive instruments, (3) level of difficulty of cognitive instruments, and (4) distinguishing capacity of cognitive instruments. This development research refered to the development model which was adapted by Borg and Gall. In the analysis step, the needs and callecting the data were done by anylizing the nessesary, literature review and field observation. The analysis result showed that the cogvitive instrument of science literature was needed so that the science literature ability of students became better. The reseach product which was developed was cognitive instrument for the descriptin questions. The techniques of analysis were cognitive nstrument, cognitive instrument reliability, difficulty evel of cognitive instrument and distinguishing capacity. The result of science literature cognitive instrument showed that (1) the validity of cognitive instrument which was developed classified in good category, (2) the developed instrument realibility had high reliable, (3) level of difficulty has proportional question criteria that is 25 % of difficult, 50 % of medium and 25 % of easy, and (4) the distinguishing capacity in the use of problem test can received is 58,4%, the questions which had recieved but need to be fix was 33,3% and omitted questions were