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The Pharma Innovation Journal 2021; 10(1): 625-630
ISSN (E): 2277- 7695
ISSN (P): 2349-8242
NAAS Rating: 5.03
TPI 2021; 10(1): 625-630
© 2021 TPI
www.thepharmajournal.com
Received: 03-11-2020
Accepted: 06-12-2020
SN Banne
Department of Plant Pathology,
College of Agriculture, Latur
Vasantrao Naik Marathwada
Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani,
Maharashtra, India
Sunita J Magar
Department of Plant Pathology,
College of Agriculture, Latur
Vasantrao Naik Marathwada
Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani,
Maharashtra, India
Shruti S Kadam
Department of Plant Pathology,
College of Agriculture, Latur
Vasantrao Naik Marathwada
Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani,
Maharashtra, India
AP Suryawanshi
Department of Plant Pathology,
College of Agriculture, Latur
Vasantrao Naik Marathwada
Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani,
Maharashtra, India
Corresponding Author:
SN Banne
Department of Plant Pathology,
College of Agriculture, Latur
Vasantrao Naik Marathwada
Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani,
Maharashtra, India
Cultural and morphological characterization of isolates
of Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler, causing
chrysanthemum leaf blight
SN Banne, Sunita J Magar, Shruti S Kadam and AP Suryawanshi
Abstract
Fungal blights are among the major concern for limiting the cultivation and production of many
ornamental and flowering plants. Chrysanthemum is an important cut flower with great export potential.
However, it is infected by many pathogens in the protected cultivation. Diseased chrysanthemum
samples were collected from chrysanthemum gardens, nurseries and farmers orchards in the Latur district
for cultural and morphological characterization of Alternaria alternata. The collected isolates of A.
alternata, from various varieties / hybrids of chrysanthemum were characterized, based on their mycelial
growth, growth rate, colony appearance, colony shape and margin, sporulation and concentric zonation
and morphological characters (mycelial width, conidia dimensions, beak length and numbers of vertical
and horizontal septa). The highest colony growth was found in Ac-1, Ac-3 and ac-4 followed byAc-5.
Excellent sporulation was found in isolates such as Ac-1, Ac-3, Ac-5 and Ac-9. Four isolates Ac- 10, Ac-
9, Ac-8 and Ac-7 showed large sized mycelial width ranged from 7.15-9.48 μm. Ac-9 and Ac-10 isolates
was showed large sized conidia (42.17- 60.29 L X 9.40-11.77 W). Three isolates Ac-5, Ac-9 and Ac-8
showed large sized beak length ranged from 13.52- 15.29 μm, whereas horizontal septation ranged from
1-9 and vertical septation from 1-5.
Keywords: Alternaria alternata, blight, cultural characters, morphology
Introduction
Chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev.) is a multi-use flower crop belonging to
Asteraceae family and gaining more popularity as a cut flower, loose flower and pot plant.
Chrysanthemum is commonly known as Queen of East, produces very attractive flowers of
different shape, size and colours. It is an important commercial flower next to rose in the
international florist’s trade and grown throughout the World (Kher, 1990)
[6]
. In India,
chrysanthemum commercially growing major states are Karnataka, Tamilnadu, Maharashtra,
Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Bihar. In Maharashtra, chrysanthemum is grown on an area of
0.39 thousand ha. With the production of 1.65 thousand tonnes loose flowers and 0.05
thousand tonnes cut flowers (Anonymous, 2018)
[2]
. In Maharashtra, the leading districts in
floriculture production are Nasik, Ahmednagar, Thane, Pune, Satara, Sangli and Nagpur.
However, Ahmednagar district is specalized as growing district of the Maharashtra (Tupe et
al., 2017)
[17]
.
There has been a regular demand for chrysanthemum flowers throughout the year in our
country. Hence, there is a great potential for the production of chrysanthemum on a
commercial scale in India. However, it is difficult to get good quality exportable blooms,
higher yields and long lasting post-harvest life of the cultivars under open conditions. The
most important factors responsible for the threatened production of chrysanthemum flowers
yield is by many diseases, such as, Alternaria leaf blight, Fusarium wilt, Septorial leaf spot,
Ray speck disease, Pythium rot, Chrysanthemum rust, Bacterial blight, virus (viriod) and
Nematode (Schmidt, 1958; Alfieri, 1968; Strider, 1985; Cook, 2001; Nishi et al., 2009 and
Luong et al., 2010)
[14, 1, 16, 3, 11, 9]
.
Alternaria is a genus of ascomycetous fungi. Alternaria species are known as major plant
pathogens. There are 299 species in the genus Alternaria (Kirk et al., 2008, Nowicki-Marcin et
al., 2012)
[7, 12]
. Therefore, it was decided to study in detail the morpho-cultural characters of
the fungal pathogen.