Mechanism and Machine Theory Vol. 18, No. I, pp. 49-56, 1983 0094-114X[831010049-08503.00[0
Printed in Great Britain. © 1983 Pergamon Press Ltd.
SYNTHESIS OF CAM-FOLLOWER SYSTEMS
WITH ROLLING CONTACT
A. GHOSHt and R. P. YADAV*
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India
(Received for publication 20 April 1982)
Abstract--The present work deals with the synthesis of cam follower systems with rollingcontact during the rise period
of a dwell-rise-dwell return cam. It has been found that the total lift of the follower can not be achieved solely by rolling
contact, therefore sliding is permitted for a fraction of the lift. On the basis of minimum work-loss, the respective
percentages of contribution by pure rolling contact and rolling cure sliding action have been worked out.
I. INTRODUCTION
In ordinary cam-follower system sliding also exists at the
cam-follower interface. This causes wear of the contact
surfaces which is not desirable. Hence rolling action
between the contact surfaces may prove to be an ad-
vantageous proposition.
In the field of cam-follower synthesis with rolling
contact some preliminary work has been done by
Veldkamp[1]. He has synthesised the cam contour cor-
responding to a flat face follower to achieve pure rolling
contact. But the applicability of the system proposed by
him is limited because the follower motion no longer
remains arbitrary and cam should also have oscillatory
rotational motion to provide rise and return.
In the present work cam-follower systems have been
synthesised for rise period of a dwell-rise-dwell cam in
view of rolling contact. It has been found that for dwell-
rise-dwell return cam the total lift cannot be achieved by
rolling contact alone, therefore sliding is permitted for a
fraction of the lift. On the basis of minimum work-loss
consideration, it can be established that what fraction of
the total lift be contributed by rolling contact and what
fraction be rolling-cum-sliding contact.
2. ANALYTICAL FORMULATION FOR ROLLING CONTACT
Here, for rolling contact the cam and the follower
contours will be synthesised. The schematic arrangement
is as shown in Fig. 1. It is assumed that two planes, trl
and tr2, are rigidly attached to the follower F and the
cam C respectively and they lie in the common plane of
symmetry of the cam and the follower. For the motion,
"cam rolls without sliding on the face of the follower",
the centrode in the plane ~r, is the curve C~ and curve C2
in the plane tr2.
XOY is the co-ordinate system attached to the fol-
lower which is assumed to be fixed. The co-ordinate
system xAy is embedded onto the cam and it has the
origin at the point A, A being the centre of rotation of
the cam. The co-ordinate systems XOY and xAy have
the same orientation. (a, b) are the co-ordinates of the
fProfessor.
CGraduate Student.
point A with respect to the fixed axes OX and OY. ~b
represents the angle of cam rotation, ~ being taken as
positive when measured clockwise.
If the point of contact P between the cam and the
follower surfaces has the co-ordinates (X, Y) in the
reference system XOY and (x, y) in the system xAy,
then as per the law of co-ordinate transformation
X = x cos r~ - y sin ga + a
Y = x sin (~ + y cos ~p + b.
O)
(2)
Now, the relative motion between the cam and the
follower can be also achieved through the following
motion:
Follower is assumed to be fixed, cam rotates as well as
the point A translates along a straight line which is
parallel to the axis of the follower. The translatory
motion of the follower is similar to the required motion
of the cam.
Let P1 be a point on the follower adjacent to the point
P. Since the follower is fixed
Vp, = 0 (3)
where Vp~ is the velocity of point P1 with respect to the
fixed axes XOY.
The condition, represented by (3), demands that
.~ = 0 (4)
and
1? = 0 (5)
,~ and 17 representing the time derivatives of X and Y,
respectively.
Using (4) and (5) eqns 1 and 2 yield
and
where
x sin $ + y cos ~ = a' (6)
- x cos q~+ y sin $ = b' (7)
da ., db
a' = -:-:-, and
~d'~o
49
MMT Vol.18, No. I--D