Research Article LC-ESI-MS/MS Phenolic Profile of Volutaria lippii (L.) Cass. Extracts and Evaluation of Their In Vitro Antioxidant, Antiacetylcholinesterase, Antidiabetic, and Antibacterial Activities Hichem Ben Salah , 1 Slim Smaoui, 2 Raed Abdennabi, 3 and Noureddine Allouche 1 1 Laboratory of Organic Chemistry LR17ES08 (Natural Substances Team), University of Sfax, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia 2 Laboratory of Microorganisms and Biomolecules of the Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour Km 6, Sfax 3018, Tunisia 3 Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology Applied to Crop Improvement, Faculty of Science, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia Correspondence should be addressed to Hichem Ben Salah; hichembensalah9@gmail.com Received 20 March 2019; Revised 21 May 2019; Accepted 2 June 2019; Published 24 June 2019 Academic Editor: V´ ıctor L´ opez Copyright © 2019 Hichem Ben Salah et al. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Volutaria lippii (L.) Cass., an indigenous perennial herb from the Tunisian fora, belongs to the medicinally important genus Volutaria Cass. (Asteraceae) which comprises eighteen species widely distributed in the Irano-Turanian and Mediterranean Basin. In this study, fve diferent extracts from Tunisian Volutaria lippii (L.) Cass. were evaluated for their in vitro antioxidant, antiacetylcholinesterase, antidiabetic, and antibacterial activities as well as for their total phenolic and favonoid contents. Te results indicated that the ethyl acetate and aqueous fractions have the highest levels in phenolic and favonoid contents and showed remarkable antioxidant activities using DPPH (IC 50 = 11.50±0.57 and 28.81±1.35g/mL, respectively), total antioxidant capacity (105.21±0.01 and 98.77±0.02 mg vitamin E/g extract, respectively), and reducing power (EC 50 = 55.40±2.00 and 66.65±1.40 g/mL, respectively) methods. Furthermore, they exhibited noticeable antiacetylcholinesterase and antidiabetic activities and a moderate antibacterial efect when compared to that of standards. Principal component analysis allowed highlighting the ethyl acetate extract for its interesting acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE) and alpha-amylase activities and the aqueous fraction for its remarkably antibacterial activity, and their richness in phytochemical content. Interestingly, the LC-ESI-MS/MS analyses of both fractions allowed the identifcation of ten phenolic acids and eight favonoids. Te 3-O-cafeoylquinic and 3,4-di-O-cafeoylquinic acids constituted the most abundant components in the two fractions. Taken together, these fndings demonstrated, for the frst time, that Volutaria lippii (L.) Cass. is a potential source of biological active compounds which could be used in a wide range of felds, namely, nutrition and complementary pharmacological drug. 1. Introduction Te Tunisian fora has a wide plant varieties used not only in folk medicine, but also in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food technologies [1]. Tese plants represent an excellent reser- voir for extracting and identifying bioactive phytochemicals, which exerted a benefcial efect on human healthiness [2] and had a preventive role against cancer and chronic diseases. Many of these natural compounds, such as polyphenols, favonoids, and phenolic acids, are known for their various pharmacological activities including antioxidant, antimicro- bial, antidiabetic, anti-infammatory, anticancer, and anti- Alzheimer efects [3, 4]. Volutaria lippii (L.) Cass. ex Maire (syn Centaurea lippii L., Volutarella lippii (L.) Cass., Amberboa lippii (L.) DC.) is one of the Tunisian plants that belong to the genus Volutaria Cass., tribe Cardueae, subtribe Centaureinae of the Asteraceae (Compositae) [5]. Te genus Volutaria com- prises approximately eighteen species growing in semiarid to arid zones and widely distributed in the Irano-Turanian Hindawi Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Volume 2019, Article ID 9814537, 13 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/9814537