Gynecol Obstet Invest 1990;29;239—240
© 1990 S. Karger AG, Basel
0378-7346/90/0293-023952.75/0
Ureteral Blockage as a Complication of Burch Colposuspension:
Report of 6 Cases
Rui Alberto Ferriani, Marcos Felipe Silva de Sá, Marcos Dias de Moura, Melhem Naim Charajfedine,
Antonio Hockgreb de Freitas Júnior
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeiráo Preto, University of Sao Paulo,
Ribeiráo Preto, SP, Brazil
Key Words. Burch procedure • Ureteral obstruction • Stress incontinence
Abstract. Burch colposuspension for correction of urinary incontinence is rarely followed by complications. A
very rarely described complication is ureteral kinking, which tends to occur in patients with previous pelvic surger
ies. We present 6 additional cases of this rare complication and recommend appropriate intraoperative dissection as
well as postoperative alert for early diagnosis, which improves prognosis.
Introduction
Urinary stress incontinence is a symptom occurring
rather frequently in clinical gynecology, usually among
women with relaxation of the anterior portion of the pel
vic and urogenital diaphragms and of the aponeurotic
supports. Urethrovaginal fixation to Cooper’s ligament,
first described by Burch in 1961 [1], is a technique com
monly used to correct this symptom. The long-term cure
rate is 85-90% [2] and the procedure has a low rate of
major complications. Ureteral blockage is rare and has
been reported thus far on 2 occasions as a consequence
of ureteral kinking after colposuspension [3, 4], In the
present paper we report 6 cases of this unusual compli
cation, which may have serious consequences for the
patient if not diagnosed early.
Case Reports
A total of 483 patients were submitted to Burch colposuspension
at the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospi
tal of Ribeirâo Preto, University of Sâo Paulo, over a period of 5
years. All of these patients presented urinary stress incontinence,
small urethrocele and minimal cystocele. Urinary stress inconti
nence was diagnosed on the basis of medical history, physical exam
ination, full-bladder stress test, contrasted X rays of the bladder
and, when possible, urodynamic study. The surgical technique used
consisted of bilateral vaginal fundus suspension to Cooper’s liga
ment with 3 No. 0 vicryl sutures under moderate tension. There
were no intraoperative complications.
Of the 483 patients, 4 had immediate or delayed postoperative
lumbar pain and 2 were anuric on the 1st postoperative day. The
clinical data concerning these patients are presented in table 1. The
6 patients were diagnosed to have ureteral blockage on the basis of
intravenous pyelography and cystoscopy. Each patient was submit
ted to further surgery for removal of sutures that caused ureteral
kinking unilaterally (cases 1,2 and 3) or bilaterally (cases 4, 5 and 6),
with intraoperative cystoscopic control. Control intravenous pyel
ography performed in each case was normal. An early complication
was reversible acute renal infection in 1 patient. A delayed compli
cation was continued urinary stress incontinence in 2 patients (cases
2 and 4).
Conclusions
Burch colposuspension has been widely used to treat
urinary stress incontinence. The cure rate ranges from 85
to 90% and the incidence of complications is low,