VOL. 10, NO. 10, JUNE 2015 ISSN 1819-6608
ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences
© 2006-2015 Asian Research Publishing Network (ARPN). All rights reserved.
www.arpnjournals.com
4467
A NOVEL ARITHMETIC AND LOGIC UNIT DESIGN USING
UNCONVENTIONAL MATHEMATICS
Nirmal Bhardwaj and V. J. K. Kishor Sonti
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sathyabama University, Chennai, India
E-Mail: nirmalbhrdwj@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The ever increasing demand in enhancing the speed of processors to handle the challenging problems has resulted
in the need of an efficient ALU. The speed of ALU greatly depends on multiplier and Vedic mathematics helps in the
design of an efficient multiplier using Anurupyena and Urdhva Tiryakbhyam. Using Ekadhikena Purvena and
Dwandwayoga a squarer circuit is generated. After designing the proposed Vedic multiplier and Squarer Circuit, it is
integrated into an eight bit module of arithmetic logic unit along with the conventional adder, subtractor, and basic logic
gates. The performance of the Different Multipliers and Squarer circuit is analyzed using Xilinx ISE 9.1i.From the results it
is found that Dwandwayoga Squarer is better than Ekadhikena in terms of time delay but on the other hand Ekadhikena
Purvena consumes less power than Dwandwayoga. Among multipliers Anurupyena is better in terms of power
consumption than Urdhva Tiryakbhyam but it is having much delay. After synthesizing each module of multipliers they are
incorporated into the existing ALU Design.
Keywords: arithmetic logic unit, mathematics, anurupyena, urdhva tiryakbhyam, ekadhikena purvena, dwandwayoga.
1. INTRODUCTION
In digital electronics, an ALU is a digital circuit
that performs arithmetic and logical operations on integers
and binary numbers. The inputs to an ALU are the data to
be operated on and it is called as operands and a code
indicating the operation to be performed; the ALU’s
output is the result of the performed operation. Here in the
design of ALU ancient Vedic mathematics sutras have
been used. In section 2 all the Vedic sutras pertaining to
the design of ALU are discussed in brief.Section2.1
illustrates the Anurupyena multiplier.Section2.2 illustrates
about Urdhva Tiryakbhyam. Section 2.3 and Section 2.4
illustrates the sutras for squaring of numbers. Section III
describes about the simulation output for all the Vedic
multipliers. Section IV describes about result summary in
terms of power and time delay. Finally the conclusion is
given in section V.
2. VEDIC MATHEMATICS
Vedic Mathematics is the name given to the
ancient system of Indian Mathematics which was
rediscovered between 1911 and 1918 by Sri Bharati
Krishna Tirthaji (1884-1960). Vedic Mathematics contains
sixteen sutras among them the sutras which are used for
the design of ALU are discussed here. Table for Vedic
sutras relevant for multiplication is given below.
Table-1. Vedic Sutras relevant to the data conditions.
DATA CONDITIONS SUITABLE VEDIC SUTRA APPLICABLE
Numbers near to multiple of 10 Anurupyena
Squaring of numbers ending with 5 Ekadhikena Purvena
Squaring of numbers(other cases) (Dwandwayoga)Duplex method
Multiplication of numbers (all other cases) Urdhva Triyakbhyam
2.1 Anurupye (Shunyamanyat) sutra
Anurupyena is an up sutra which means
proportionality. This Sutra is used to find the product of
two numbers when both the numbers are close to the
common bases like 50, 60, 200 etc (multiples of powers of
10) [3]. Block Diagram of Anurupyena multiplier is given
in Figure-1.
MULTIPLIER MULTIPLCAND
BCD CONVERTER BCD CONVERTER
MULTIPLY BY 10
SUBTRACTOR
SUBTRACTOR
MULTIPLIER
BCD CONVERTER
ADDER
RHS OF THE PRODUCT DIVIDER
LHS OF PRODUCT
Figure-1. Anurupyena multiplier logical diagram.
2.2 Urdhva Tiryakbhyam
The ‘Urdhva Tiryakbhyam’ sutra is a common
method of multiplication which can be applied to all cases
of multiplication. Figure-2 shows the diagrammatic
representation of UT process flow.The rule of this
multiplication is at first, multiplication starts from MSB,
of both multiplicands to get first cross product. Then
increasing one bit, further calculation of cross products