ICT in our Lives Conference, Faculty of Commerce, Alexandria University, Egypt, Dec. 2017
Promising Real-Life Applications of Quantum Computing, © Rania Al-Maghraby, 2017 | 1
Promising Real-Life Applications of Quantum Computing
Rania Al-Maghraby, MSc
Owner & General Manager, OneWayForward Inc.
rania@onewayforward.info
Abstract: This paper explores the research areas of Quantum
Computing, and the real-life applications in which this new field
of research can transform human lives on earth. We first
introduce the idea of Quantum Computing and how it is different
from traditional computing, then we highlight main application
areas and use cases of quantum technologies that will enhance
people life and turn many experiments that had never been
feasible before into a handy undertaking. The purpose of this
paper is to emphasize the importance of Quantum Computing as
a research area and the promising life changing applications that
can come out of applied research in this field.
Index Terms: Quantum Computing, Computer Science, Computer
Engineering, Applied Research
I. INTRODUCTION
Quantum Computing is a research field at its infancy,
like those old days when you tried to program a code by
writing without having the ability to run it actually on a real
computer. The current state of the this field shows that it's still
far from being in the reach of researchers' hand at a wide scale,
because of the lab technologies is relies upon. Actual
experiments are limited to certain research institutes and
commercial companies who have invested in building real
quantum processors within the environment necessary to apply
quantum physics interactions. However, many developments
can still be done from a research point of view by exploring
different applications and developing relevant algorithms.
"The story of quantum computers begins in 1981
with Richard Feynman, probably the most famous physicist of
his time. At a conference on physics and computation at the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Feynman asked the
question: Can we simulate physics on a computer? The answer
was—not exactly. Or, more precisely—not all of physics. One
of the branches of physics is quantum mechanics, which
studies the laws of nature on the scale of individual atoms and
particles. If we try to simulate quantum mechanics on a
computer, we run into a fundamental problem. The full
description of quantum physics has so many variables that we
cannot keep track of all of them on a computer."
[1]
So the main motive behind the idea of Quantum
Computing emerged from two fold concern: the need to study
real-world natural phenomena, and the limitations of the
traditional computing capacity and ability to cope with the
requirements to fulfill this need. The best way to simulate and
study the physical nature is to use its components to do
computations. The basis lies in quantum physics and
mathematics sciences.
II. BASIC IDEA
A quantum processor is mainly consisting of particles
that are acting in certain physical nature when subjected to
certain physical conditions.
Fig. 1 The Quantum Processor
The Bloch sphere is a representation of a qubit
(quantum bit), the fundamental building block of quantum
computers. Qubits are made up of controlled particles and the
means of control (e.g. devices that trap particles and switch
them from one state to another). A qubit is the quantum
version of a bit, and its quantum state can take values of |0>,
|1>, or both at once, a phenomenon known as superposition.
The half angle bracket notation |> is conventionally used to
distinguish qubits.