IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE) e-ISSN: 2278-1676,p-ISSN: 2320-3331, Volume 13, Issue 3 Ver. III (May. – June. 2018), PP 41-45 www.iosrjournals.org DOI: 10.9790/1676-1303034145 www.iosrjournals.org 41 | Page Salt Water: A Reliable Alternative as Conducting Fluid for Magneto-Hydro Dynamic Power Generation Anil D. Awchar 1 , Dr.Hari Kumar Naidu 2 , Partik Ghutke 3 1,2,3 ( Department of Electrical Engg. Tulshiram Gaikwad Patil College of Engineering and Technology, Nagpur, India) Corresponding auther: Anil D. Awchar Abstract : In this paper the study of use of salt water as a conducting fluid, for electricity generation is presented. From the survey, it is found that the requirement of power will increase in next decade, hence the use of non-conventional energy will also be increased. In non-conventional energy systems, magneto-hydro dynamic (MHD) power generation system is one of the most reliable and lossless systems. The advantages of using MHD power generation in the system is to reduce on carbon and other emissions and to ensure the longevity of our fossil fuel reserve. Since salt water is available in abundance and there are very few applications in which salt water is used as compared to quantity of salt water available in ocean, use of salt water for electricity generation in MHD power generation system, will be most feasible solution. The aim of this paper is to study the viability of using salt water in MHD power generation system and the power output that can be obtained by using salt water as a conducting fluid. The possibility that the output can be varied by changing any of the three values combined with advantages like high efficiency and low pollution should make magneto-hydro dynamic power generation a promising alternative for generation of electricity. Keywords - Conductivity, Flow rate, magnet, MHD Power Generation, salt water. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Date of Submission: 06-06-2018 Date of acceptance: 24-06-2018 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- I. INTRODUCTION As the world is facing critical problem of energy deficit, global warming and deterioration of environment and energy sources, renewable sources are getting more attention [1]. We all are aware of power generation using hydel, thermal and nuclear resources. In all the systems, the potential energy or thermal energy is first converted in to mechanical energy and then the mechanical energy is converted in to electrical energy. The conversion of potential energy in to mechanical energy is considerably high (70 to 80%) but conversion of thermal energy in to mechanical energy is considerably poor (40 to 45%) [2]. In addition to this, the mechanical components required for converting heat energy into mechanical energy are large in number and considerably costly. This requires huge capital cost as well as maintenance cost also [3]. Now – a – days, the researchers are working to eliminate the mechanical systems and convert thermal energy into electrical energy directly [4]. Unfortunately, no system is yet developed in large capacity (MW) to compete with conventional systems. In addition to this the efficiency of such conversion remained considerably poor (less than10%). Therefore, these power generating systems are not developed on large scale [5]. Magneto-hydro dynamic (MHD) power generation is a new system of electric power generation which is said to be of high efficiency and low pollution. In the countries like India, it is still under construction [6]. II. BASIC CONCEPTS OF MHD POWER GENERATION The magneto hydrodynamic power generator is a device that generates electric power by means of the interaction of a moving fluid (usually an ionized gas or plasma) and a magnetic field. As all direct conversion processes the MHD generators can also convert thermal energy directly into electricity without moving parts. In this way the static energy converters, with no moving mechanical part, can improve the dynamic conversion, working at temperature higher than conventional processes. The typical configuration of MHD generator is shown in Figure 1. The underlying principle of MHD power generation is elegantly simple. Typically, an electrically conducting gas is produced at high pressure by combustion of a fossil fuel. The gas is then directed through a magnetic field, resulting due to the Hall Effect. The MHD system constitutes a heat engine, involving an expansion of the gas from high to low pressure in a manner similar to that employed in a conventional gas turbo generator.