Dean et al 1 Impact of Health Worker Visits and Subsidized Primary Care on Health Outcomes and Behavior - A Randomized, Controlled Trial in Bamako, Mali Mark Dean, Pierre Pratley, Anja Sautmann, and Xinyi Zhang Abstract Two key policies for improving health outcomes in developing countries are the reduction of user fees and the engagement of community health workers. Yet questions remain about their effectiveness - in particular in combination. In a randomized controlled trial in Mali we examine their effect on a variety of child and household health outcomes and behaviors. Households that received both interventions experienced improvements in a number of health measures, while those that received health worker visits engaged in more preventative behavior. Our findings suggest that the two policies may be complementary in the way they address different healthcare needs. Affiliations Mark Dean is an Associate Professor in the Department of Economics, Columbia University, New York City, NY (corresponding author): Phone: +1 212 854 3669. Email mark.dean@columbia.edu Pierre Pratley is a Health Advisor in the Health Systems Strengthening unit, KIT Royal Tropical Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Anja Sautmann is a Research Scientist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Xinyi Zhang is a PhD candidate in the Department of Economics and Population Studies and Training Center, Brown University, Providence, RI All authors contributed equally to this work. Acknowledgments We would like to thank Kris Ansin, Joseph Camardo, Mariam Fofana Diallo, Diakaridia Traoré, and the team at Mali Health; Christine Blandhol, Samuel Brown, Seydou Doumbia, Andrew Foster, Emily Fuller, and Ira Wilson; and Hamadoun Bocoum, Judith Kom, Nicoló Tomaselli, and the Mali office of Innovations for Poverty Action. Manuscript file name: Mali-JHR-Final.docx