DIFFERENTIAL PREDICATE TRANSITION PETRI NETS AND OBJECTS, AN AID FOR
PROVING PROPERTIES IN HYBRID SYSTEMS
E. Villani*, J. C. Pascal
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, P. E. Miyagi*, R. Valette
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* Escola Politécnica, University of São Paulo
Av. Prof. Mello Moraes, 2231 CEP 05508-900 São Paulo, BRAZIL
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Laboratoire d’Analyse et d’Architecture des Systèmes – LAAS / CNRS
7, Avenue du Colonel Roche, 31077 Tolouse Cedex 4 FRANCE
e-mail: evillani@usp.br , jcp@laas.fr , pemiyagi@usp.br , robert@laas.fr
Abstract: This paper introduces a new approach for the verification of behaviour
properties in hybrid systems. By using Petri nets and object oriented concepts the proof of
a system property is reduced from a complex proof involving the overall model to a set of
simpler proofs involving the model of one or a few objects. Each local proof is made
considering a set of hypotheses that should then be proven. Particularly, this paper
considers the case of proving safety properties. Copyright © 2002 IFAC
Keywords: Petri nets, object modelling techniques, differential equations.
1. INTRODUCTION
The increasing employment of system integration
and computer automation in industrial systems has
lead to the need of dealing with more and more
complex hybrid system (Antsaklis & Koutsoukos,
1998). (Here, the term “hybrid” indicates systems
that involve both discrete and continuous dynamic)
As result of this trend, both modelling and analysis
of such systems cannot be easily addressed by the
techniques defined for simple applications.
Within the domain of system analysis, one of the
most important aspects is the guarantee of the system
reliability by the verification of behavioural
properties. An example is proving that a forbidden
state will never be reached. However, most of works
already published can only be applied to special
classes of hybrid systems. For the verification tool
UPPAL (Amnell et al, 2000), the model must be
reduced to a timed automata. Other approaches are
based on linear hybrid automata, such as (Gueguen
& Zaytoon, 2001) and the verification tool HyTech
(Henzinger et al, 1997). Only a few approaches
support non linear models, such as the verification
tool Checkmate (Silva et al, 2001), which uses non
linear hybrid automata but cannot easily deal with
large-scale systems (Silva et al, 2001).
The main problem of hybrid system analysis is the
non-decidability issue, i.e., the non-guarantee that,
with a finite number of steps the property can be
proved. As it has been proven by (Alur et al, 1995), if
continuous variables with different growing rates
(different derivatives) are included in the model, then
the reachability may become undecidable. Generally,
this is the case of hybrid systems.
In this context, the aim of this paper is to introduce a
new approach for the hybrid system analysis. On the
contrary of the cited works, Petri nets are used for
modelling of the discrete part, and linear logic is used
for its analysis, in order to deal with the discrete state
explosion problem. For the continuous part,
differential equation systems are adopted. The main
innovative point of the proposed approach is that it
uses the object-oriented concepts to decompose and
analyse the system. By this way, an analysis
problem, that would otherwise involve the overall
model of the system, is decomposed into a set of
simpler analysis problems involving the model of
one or a few objects. Another important point of the
approach is that it is not entirely automated. A more
balanced solution is proposed where the user
knowledge of the system is used in order to restrict
the solution space and avoid the non-decidability
(although no guarantee of a solution can be given).