203 P.L. (Tamar) Weiss et al. (eds.), Virtual Reality for Physical and Motor Rehabilitation, Virtual Reality Technologies for Health and Clinical Applications, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4939-0968-1_10, © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014 Objective To provide an overview of the evolution of VR technologies across domains of childhood disability that focuses on the evidence base for applications in research, clinical and community settings in order to optimise outcomes for the child and family. 10.1 Introduction 10.1.1 Theoretical Models of Rehabilitation: Where Does VR Fit In? The ICF-CY represents a seismic shift away from the notion of disability as a purely medical construct in which the disability or impairment resides entirely with the child. Rather, there has been a move to a more ecological approach which considers the physical and psychological as well as the political and societal experiences of the child who has the “impairment” that then gives rise to disability and potential discrimination. An ecological approach to rehabilitation considers the impact of childhood disability on both the child and their family. Interventions therefore need to address the interaction between factors that lie within the child, the task and/or Chapter 10 Applications of VR Technologies for Childhood Disability Dido Green and Peter Wilson D. Green (*) Centre for Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Marston Road Campus, Jack Straw’s Lane, Oxford, OX3 0FL, UK e-mail: dido.green@brookes.ac.uk P. Wilson School of Psychology, Australian Catholic University, 115 Victoria Pde., Melbourne, VIC 3450, Australia e-mail: peterh.wilson@acu.edu.au