Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences, Vol 23 No 4 (2019): 561 - 571 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17576/mjas-2019-2304-01 561 MALAYSIAN JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL SCIENCES Published by The Malaysian Analytical Sciences Society FACILE ORGANIC-INORGANIC HYBRID SORBENTS FOR EXTRACTION OF POLLUTANTS FROM AQUEOUS SAMPLES – A REVIEW (Pengerap Hibrid Organik-Tak Organik Mudah bagi Pengekstrakan Pencemar dari Sampel Akueus - Sebuah Ulasan) Mohd Marsin Sanagi 1,2* , Nyuk-Ting Ng 1 , Faridah Mohd Marsin 1 , Mohamad Raizul Zinalibdin 1 , Zetty Azalea Sutirman 1 , Aemi Syazwani Abdul Keyon 1 , Wan Aini Wan Ibrahim 1,2 1 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science 2 Centre for Sustainable Nanomaterials, Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia *Corresponding author: marsin@kimia.fs.utm.my Received: 19 August 2018; Accepted: 22 June 2019 Abstract Rapid and efficiency extraction of pollutants from aqueous samples has been an important issue in analytical sciences. Solid phase extraction using sorbents is a well-known separation method and recognized as an efficient and economical method for removal of pollutants from water. In the past few years, there has been growing interest on extractions using organic-inorganic hybrid materials. Formed by incorporating inorganic species into organic matrix, these materials offer some advantages such as high selectivity, permeability, and mechanical and chemical stabilities. This present article discusses recent significant advances in analytical solid-phase extraction employing organic-inorganic composite and nanocomposite sorbents for the extraction of organic and inorganic pollutants from aqueous samples. Classifications and synthesis methods of organic-inorganic hybrid sorbents are described. The physicochemical characteristics, extraction properties and analytical performances of selected sorbents are discussed, including morphology and surface characteristics, types of functional groups, interaction mechanism, selectivity and sensitivity, accuracy, and regeneration abilities. Organic-inorganic hybrid sorbents in combination with extraction techniques are highly promising as an emerging research field for sample preparation of complex samples such as food, biomedical and environmental matrices with analytes at trace levels. Keywords: organic-inorganic hybrid sorbents, extraction methods, environmental pollutants, aqueous samples Abstrak Pengekstrakan pencemar dari sampel akueus dengan cepat dan cekap merupakan isu penting dalam sains analisis. Pengekstrakan fasa pepejal menggunakan pengerap adalah kaedah pemisahan yang diketahui ramai dan dikenali sebagai satu kaedah yang cekap dan ekonomi bagi penyingkiran pencemar dari air. Dalam beberapa tahun kebelakangan, minat terhadap pengekstrakan menggunakan bahan hibrid organik-tak organik telah berkembang. Terbentuk melalui gabungan spesis tak organik ke dalam matrik organik, bahan ini menawarkan beberapa kelebihan misalnya mempunyai kepilihan tinggi, kebolehtelapan, serta kestabilan mekanikal dan kimia. Artikel ulasan ini membincangkan kemajuan penting dalam analisis pengekstrakan fasa pepejal menggunakan pengerap komposit dan nanokomposit organik-tak organik bagi pengekstrakan pencemar organik dan tak organik dari sampel akueus. Klasifikasi dan kaedah sintesis pengerap hibrid organik-tak organik diterangkan. Pencirian fizikokimia, sifat pengekstrakan dan prestasi analisis pengerap terpilih dibincangkan, termasuk pencirian morfologi dan permukaan, jenis kumpulan berfungsi, mekanisma interaksi, pemilihan dan kepekaan, ketepatan dan kebolehan guna semula. Pengerap hibrid organik-tak organik digabung dengan teknik pengekstrakan merupakan bidang penyelidikan yang sangat menjanjikan bagi penyediaan sampel kompleks misalnya matrik makanan, bioperubatan dan alam sekitar dengan analit pada tahap surih. Kata kunci: pengerap hibrid organik-tak organik, kaedah pengekstrakan, pencemar alam sekitar, sampel akueus ISSN 1394 - 2506