IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE) e-ISSN: 2278-2834,p- ISSN: 2278-8735.Volume 11, Issue 5, Ver. III (Sep.-Oct .2016), PP 34-42 www.iosrjournals.org DOI: 10.9790/2834-1105033442 www.iosrjournals.org 34 | Page Analytical Analysis of 8 element ring width rectangular Microstrip patch antenna array P.V. HemaLatha 1 , S. Aruna 2 , Dr. K. Srinivasa Naik 3 1 Student, M.Tech, Department of ECE, Andhra University College of Engineering (A), Andhra University, Visakhapatnam – 530003 2 Assistant Professor, Department of ECE, Andhra University College of Engineering (A), Andhra University, Visakhapatnam – 530003 3 Associate Professor, Department of ECE, Vignan’s Institute of Information Technology, Visakhapatnam – 530049 Abstract: Microstrip patch antennas are extensively used in applications where there is a constraint in size like cell phones and satellites. In this paper, design of 8 element ring width rectangular microstrip patch antenna array at 5.2GHz (C-band) using HFSS is proposed. This array design is precisely useful for the communication coverage of the tight spotted areas with beam width ranging 10 0 to 15 0 . The feeding technique used in this proposed design is edge feed. Parametric analysis of ring width rectangular microstrip patch antenna array is performed for varying ring width values. Introduction of the slot leads to design of ring width rectangular microstrip patch antenna array. The operating frequency lowers due to this slot. The curves of antenna parameters with respect to ring widths and the polynomial expressions that best fits the graph are obtained using MATLAB by performing analytical analysis. The obtained best-fit expressions in MATLAB can be used to predict the antenna parameters due to the slot without using any simulation software. Keywords: High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS), Microstrip patch antenna, ring width, edge feed. I. Introduction To design light weight, compact, low cost antennas for wireless communication systems, many research efforts are done. The most common type of antenna used in present communication systems is micro strip patch antenna which is narrow band and wide beam antenna. Any continuous radiator shapes are possible for microstrip antennas but most widely used are square, rectangular, circular and elliptical. Better bandwidth and low robust structure is provided by the patch antennas. It is inexpensive to manufacture and design microstrip antennas, because of simple physical geometry [1-4]. Maximum directivity of 6-9 dB is provided by a single patch antenna. An important role is taken up by microstrip antennas in today’s wireless communication. Low cost, lightweight, easy integration and fabrication and operable over wide range of frequencies of micro strip antennas has made it to be widely used since last decade. Though microstrip patch antenna is used in many applications but it is not suitable for applications where high gain and high directivity are required and this problem is solved by microstrip patch antenna arrays. Narrow beam width is obtained using arrays and this helps in improving the target resolution and EMI problems are reduced with low side lobes around the main beam[11].Thus, applications like radars and reflectors on satellite where high gain is required use these microstrip patch antenna arrays. Microstrip patch antenna array of 8 elements is designed, necessary parameters calculation along with the results are presented. The analytical approach is used to relate antenna parameters and ring width of the patch antenna due to introduction of the rectangular slot. The analysis of the changes occurring in the parameters due to introduction of the slot is time consuming using simulation software’s, so this analytical approach is proposed. II. Designing Of Single Element Microstrip Patch Antenna The width and length of patch antenna are calculated for operating frequency of   = 5.2GHz and for substrate with a dielectric constant of   = 4.4 and height of ℎ = 1.6 mm. The width of the patch is:  =  2   2   +1 = 17.56 mm … (1) The effective dielectric constant is:   =   +1 2 +   − 1 2 1 + 12 ℎ   − 1 2  = 3.87496 mm … (2)