1440 日本建築学会技術報告集　第 27 巻　第 67 号，1440-1445，2021 年 10 月 AIJ J. Technol. Des. Vol. 27, No.67, 1440-1445, Oct., 2021 DOI https://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.27.1440 THE SPATIAL PRACTICES OF SOUTH ASIAN COMMONALITIES FORMED THROUGH FOOD AND PRAYER WITHIN TOKYO 食と祈りを通して形成される南 アジアの共同性の空間的実践 Amena RAHMANー ーーーーーー＊1 Kei SASAKIー ーーーーーーー ＊2 Yoshiharu TSUKAMOTOー ー＊3 Keywords: Ethnicity, Prayer space, Grocery shop, Spatial practice, Cluster キーワード： 民族性，祈りの空間，食料品店，空間的実践，クラスター アメナラマンー ー ＊1 佐々木　啓ー ーーー ＊2 塚本由晴ー ーーーー ＊3 This study examines the spatial practices of the facilities of South- Asian ethnic grocery shops, restaurants and prayer venues in order to clarify the food and prayer commonalities in Tokyo. The relationship between the concentration of the three facilities and the train stations of their location is termed as a “cluster”. Six clusters were found in Tokyo: NishiKasai, Okachimachi, Ikebukuro, ShinOkubo, Kamata and Jujo. The spatial practices of the facilities articulate their own identity as well as that of the clusters. By drawing comparisons between them, it is seen that the clusters affect the character of the urban setting of Tokyo. *1 Ph.D. Candidate, Dept. of Architecture and Building Engineering, School of Environment and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, M.Eng. *2 Assistant Prof., Dept. of Architecture and Building Engineering, School of Environment and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Dr.Eng. *3 Prof., Dept. of Architecture and Building Engineering, School of Environment and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Dr.Eng. *1 東京工業大学環境・社会理工学院建築学系　博士課程・修士（工学） （〒 152-8550　東京都目黒区大岡山 2-12-1 M1-35） *2 東京工業大学環境・社会理工学院建築学系　助教・博士（工学） *3 東京工業大学環境・社会理工学院建築学系　教授・博士（工学） 1. Introduction The residents of Tokyo are diversifying in their social, economic and ethnic background. As a global city 1 , Tokyo attracts domestic and international workers. According to the Ministry of Internal Afairs, Non-Japanese resi- dents comprise 2.25% of people living in Japan 2 . In order to address the com- bination of a greying society and a low birthrate, the Japanese government has increased immigration by broadening specifc types of work visas 3 and the economic success of Japan has attracted migrants leading to an increase in foreign residents. Migrants entering the country bring items and traditions that can be shared to form commonalities. Commonalities may be defned timeless things and practices that transcend location and create dialogue between people 4 . The commonalities of religion and food, two factors which are deeply intertwined in the lives of migrants, are made tangible by the three facilities of ethnic grocery shops, restaurants and diferent prayer venues. This report focuses on the intersection of the multiethnic South Asian population that resides in the 23 special wards of the Tokyo and these three facilities, which produce the commonalities of food and prayer in their daily lives. 1.1 Previous Research Studies on migrants living in Japan discuss the role of food and religion but their relationship with the urban setting remains unexamined. An overview of foreign migrants is given by Komai 5 , where he discusses the history of migra- tion to Japan and the emergence of ethnic communities, their relationship with the government and Japanese society. Focusing on the South Asian diaspora in Japan, Ahmed 6 discusses migrant life through the four variables of food, work, gender and leisure. By analyzing food as one of the four variables, the author presents how the places where items from their home countries may be purchased are an important factor in the lives and livelihoods of the migrants. Within Tokyo, a study by Azuma examines the diferent socio-economic and religious communities of Indian nationals and describes how one of the gath- ering spaces were the religious spaces, especially for the Sikh and the Jain communities 7 . In a separate study, Sawa examines how the Indian community of Nishikasai, that predominantly works in the IT sector, evolved and created their own spaces for living, gathering and education 8 . A study by Kitahara et al 9 . concentrated on Bangladeshi residents living in Urban Renaissance housing in Kita ward and clarifed the relationship between the housing and the Bangladeshi residents with the local government’s eforts to deal with the new foreigners living in the area. To understand how these commonalities exist, the spatial practices must be examined. The defnition for spatial practices was obtained by Henri Lefebvre’s concept of the tripartite production of space, which are the actions that are produced within and structure the lived space 10 . It is through these practices that the identity of the lived space is reinforced. Similarly, according to Michel de Certeau describes spatial practices as the movements, routines and rituals that people carry out, articulating the experience of daily life 11 . Grocery shops, restaurants and prayer venues were investigated to under- stand how the commonalities formed through food and prayer have their own spatial practices. As discussed by Sloterdijk, the city is an urban macro-foam, composed of layers of non-uniform individual units, each containing a place, a neighbourhood or a world 12 . This concept is useful in understanding how migrants appropriate the city of Tokyo and add a new layer by using common- alities of food and prayer.