Teeth Shaped Microstrip Antenna for Breast Hyperthermia Jaswantsing Laxmansing Rajput Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Technological University Lonere, Raigad, India. jaswantsing@dbatu.ac.in Anil Bapusa Nandgaonkar Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Technological University Lonere, Raigad, India. abnandgaonkar@dbatu.ac.in Sanjay Laxmikant Nalbalwar Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Technological University Lonere, Raigad, India. slnalbalwar@dbatu.ac.in Abhay Eknath Wagh Directorate of Technical Education, Maharashtra state, Mumbai, India. director@dtemaharashtra.gov.in Mahesh Madanrao Munde Department of Electronics and Telecommunication St. Xavier’s Technical Institute Mumbai, India. mmunde@xaviertech.com Nagraj G Huilgol Department of Radiation Oncology Dr. balabhai Nanavati Hospital Mumbai, India 400056 nagrajhuilgol@gmail.com Abstract—Advancement of applicators in the oncological treatments has proven the importance of microwave energy in the treatment of cancer patients. Microwave hyperthermia is promising adjuvant therapy, effectively useful for breast tumors. Most of the large size and low frequency applicators are widely suitable for the hyperthermia treatment of tumors at other organs than the breast in the human body. In the article, we are proposing a microstrip antenna for breast hyperthermia treatment. Teeth shaped rectangular microstrip applicator resonates at 2.76 GHz and impedance bandwidth offered is 1.2 GHz in the range of 2.380 GHz - 3.65 GHz with gain of 2.03 dBi. A two-layer 3D model of breast phantom with tumor is created. Realistic thermal dielectric properties are used for the design of breast model and a tumor. The designed applicator is used in simulation environment for microwave hyperthermia of breast tumor. A moderate range (310.15~315.15 K) of temperature is considered for hyperthermia of breast tumor. Simulated specific absorption rate achieved in CST-MW suite. The SAR values of 3.11 W/Kg for 1-g and 1.37 W/Kg for 10-g are achieved, shows good performance of the applicator, as per IEEE standard. Keywords—Breast tumor, Hyperthermia treatment (HT), Microwave (MW), SAR, Teeth Shaped Rectangular Microstrip Antenna (TSRMA) I. INTRODUCTION Cancer is the deadly disease, in which uncontrolled growth of human body cells starts and division of these cells create new cells. Human body consists of trillions of cells, such uncontrolled growth of these cell develops more than hundred types of cancers. They are named upon the organs or tissues where in such development happens. Worldwide, breast, lung, colorectal, prostate, and stomach cancer are the major cause of deaths. Globally, 47 % of rise in the cancer cases is expected in next twenty years. GLOBCON global database recorded in 2020 says that female breast cancer has become a most diagnosed cancer (11.7 %), first time surpassed the lung cancer (11.4 %) in the decade [1]. The mortality rate of lung cancer is (18 %), whereas it is (6.9 %) for breast cancer. Since the last two decades highly advanced RF applicators development aided radiation oncologists to combine HT and radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Hence, the death rates of breast cancer patients had declined by 40 % in the last decade [2]. Hyperthermia treatment (HT) is adjuvant therapy given with radiotherapy and chemotherapy, where tumor temperature is locally elevated to (310.15~315.15 K for 20~40 minutes by the application of radiofrequency (RF) or Ultrasound (US) waves, and heathy tissues are preserved below 38 °C. Such controlled heating shrinks tumor size and damaged cells of tumor tissue responds well to radiotherapy and chemotherapy [3]-[4]. In the treatment planning of HT, blood tests, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and tumor node metastasis are performed to decide HT dosage and duration. Local applicators of various size and shape are used for superficial application of RF energy on the tumor site. Waveguide, Lucite cone, microstrip, and current sheet are the widely used applicators placed on tumor surface, electromagnetic coupling is provided by the water bolus attached to the applicator. Least invasive thermometer probes are used for monitoring the temperature of tumor and surrounding tissues. Although, the hotspots on surrounding tissue of the treatment site are major problem in breast HT, damages and burns healthy tissues of the surrounding. Microwave (MW) HT has proven the efficacy for breast hyperthermia applications. Successful clinical trials and validated experiments attracted global researchers to develop a compact, novel, and sufficient RF applicator for optimum focusing and treatment of breast hyperthermia. Due to the physical limitations of breast position, design of compact and lightweight antenna applicator is the vital need in radiation oncology. ISM frequency bands are widely used for standard HT. Different applicators are available in the frequency of 434 MHz, 915 MHz, 2.45 GHz, 4 GHz, and 5.5 GHz [5-6]. In the article, we have proposed a teeth shaped rectangular microstrip applicator (TSRMA), resonates at microwave frequency 2.76 2021 IEEE 4th International Conference on Computing, Power and Communication Technologies (GUCON) University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Sep 24-26, 2021 978-1-7281-9951-1/21/$31.00 ©2021 IEEE 1 2021 IEEE 4th International Conference on Computing, Power and Communication Technologies (GUCON) | 978-1-7281-9951-1/21/$31.00 ©2021 IEEE | DOI: 10.1109/GUCON50781.2021.9573629