Cardiovascular
Surgery and
Interventions
Case Report Open Access
Cardiovasc Surg Int 2015;2(1):6-9
http://dx.doi.org/DOI: 10.5606/e-cvsi.2015.335
www.e-cvsi.org
©2015 Turkish Society of Cardiovascular Surgery. All rights reserved.
Cardiovascular Surgery and Interventions, an open access journal www.e-cvsi.org
Ogilvie’s syndrome: an uncommon gastrointestinal complication following coronary
artery bypass graft surgery
Hamit Serdar Başbuğ, Macit Bitargil, Kanat Özışık
Received: January 26, 2015 Accepted: January 26, 2015 Published online: April 17, 2015
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Medical Faculty of Kafkas University, Kars,
Turkey
Corresponding author: Hamit Serdar Başbuğ, M.D. Kafkas Üniversitesi Tıp
Fakültesi Kalp ve Damar Cerrahisi Anabilim Dalı, 36000 Kars, Turkey.
Tel: +90 474 - 225 11 90 e-mail: s_basbug@hotmail.com
ABSTRACT
Ogilvie’s syndrome or acute colonic pseudo-obstruction is characterized by an acute distention of the large bowel in the absence of any
mechanical obstruction usually occurring in critical illness or following an extensive surgery. It is a rare gastrointestinal complication
of open heart surgery. Massive distention of the colon may cause perforation in the cecum which causes subsequent fecal peritonitis and
associated with a high mortality rate. In this article, we report a case of acute colonic pseudo-obstruction occurring following coronary
artery bypass graft surgery and our treatment approach is discussed.
Keywords: Coronary artery bypass graft surgery; neostigmine; Ogilvie’s syndrome.
Ogilvie’s syndrome also called as colonic pseudo-
obstruction is an acute colonic dilatation without
any mechanical obstruction which may develop after
surgery or systemic illness.
[1]
It is seen in less than 3.5%
of patients after cardiovascular or thoracic surgery.
[2,3]
This syndrome is a type of megacolon syndrome and
it remains as a poorly understood condition which is
characterized by massive dilatation of the colon and the
presence of fluid levels on abdominal X-ray.
[4]
It is also
associated with a broad range of medical and surgical
conditions including open heart surgery, trauma, other
surgical interventions, malignancy, and pregnancy.
[5]
It is a rare, but lethal postoperative gastrointestinal
complication following coronary artery bypass graft
(CABG) surgery with a mortality rate as high as
50%.
[4]
In this report, a patient who developed an acute
colonic pseudo-obstruction (ACPO) following CABG
and the treatment approach was discussed.
CASE REPORT
A 67-year-old male patient with no significant history
except hypertension for the past five years admitted
to the cardiology department with unstable angina
pectoris. Coronary angiography revealed multivessel
coronary artery disease and he was scheduled for
CABG surgery. He had a smoking history of two-
packs per day for the past 50 years.
Preoperative blood tests were normal.
Echocardiographic evaluation revealed a reduced
ventricular function with a left ventricular ejection
fraction of 35% with apical dyskinesia and no
significant valvular pathology. His routine anti-
hypertensive prescription included an angiotensin
receptor blocker monotherapy.
After performing four vessel CABG surgery, the
patient was transferred to the intensive care unit with an
infusion of moderate doses of positive inotropic agents.
The intra-aortic counter pulsation was established
in the postoperative seventh hour due to the low
cardiac output. Hemodynamically-stabilized patient
was extubated on the postoperative first day. The
inotropic agents were initiated to attenuate gradually.
The otherwise stable patient developed an abdominal
distention during the end of postoperative first day.
Gastrointestinal symptoms worsened on the second
day. All blood tests and blood gas analysis produced
normal results without any electrolyte imbalance.
On physical examination, diminished bowel sounds
with a markedly distended abdomen were inspected.
The abdominal palpation was painful. However,
there was no rebound, an indicator of the peritoneal
irritation. The erected position plain abdominal
roentgenogram revealed a generalized significant