Journal of Physical Education and Sport ®(JPES),Vol 21 (Suppl. issue 2), Art 137 pp 1091 – 1097, Apr. 2021
online ISSN: 2247 - 806X; p-ISSN: 2247 – 8051; ISSN - L = 2247 - 8051 © JPES
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Corresponding Author: ARLETA HREHOROWICZ, E-mail: arleta_hrehorowicz@sggw.edu.pl
Original Article
Sports in college – opinions of generation Z about physical education during the
COVID-19 pandemic
ARLETA HREHOROWICZ
Institute of Sociological Sciences and Pedagogy, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, POLAND
Published online: April 30, 2021
(Accepted for publication April 15, 2021)
DOI:10.7752/jpes.2021.s2137
Abstract:
Purpose: The purpose of the study was to understand how students perceive online physical education in the
higher education environment. Secondary goal was to gauge the effectiveness of the aforementioned online
courses in maintaining physical shape of the students. Methodology: A quantitative study was performed
leveraging the diagnostic poll method in a form of a questionnaire. A proprietary online questionnaire was used.
Deliberate sample selection targeted students of the first three semesters of Pedagogy at the Social Sciences
Department of the Warsaw University of Life Sciences. The author is a faculty member of the department
therefore access to the respondents was a key factor in choosing the test group. The reason the first three
semesters were chosen is a result of the University policy which makes physical education mandatory for all
students during these semesters. Findings: Most students are satisfied with how online physical education was
organized. However, at the same time the physical shape of respondents deteriorated. Over 90% were happy with
the choice of a specific course within physical education. Most popular choices were volleyball, weight lifting
and functional training. 43% of the sample students would like to continue physical education online which
given the course seems to be a surprisingly high result. Research and practical limitations: The study was
conducted on a relatively low sample (N=70). Pedagogy students were the only one sampled. Since the
questionnaire was online the responsiveness was lower than it would have been had the study been done in a face
to face mode. Given these limitations the results should be treated as an introduction to a wider study in this area.
Course instructors were adequately prepared and motivated to organize the activities of the students. It can be
reasoned that regardless the challenges of conducting physical education online it is possible to make the courses
attractive to the participants. The effectiveness measured as physical shape of the students is inferior to the
standard physical education courses. Originality: The study in one of the first empirical analysis in this field.
Keywords: online learning; COVID-19; generation Z; physical education; higher education
Introduction
For months Poland and other countries have been struggling with the COVID-19 pandemic.
Universities educating hundreds of students had to undertake decisive measures. In order to protect health and
life while continuing educational activities higher education institutions decided to shift to online courses. One
of these online courses was physical education.
In my opinion it was physical education that induced the most emotional response among students. It
was difficult to imagine partaking in physical education online. Education is mostly attributed to stationary
activities which is not reflective of classical assumptions of physical education courses (Momot et. al., 2020).
Although literature captures the idea of e-learining (Szczepaniak-Sobczyk, 2016; Wierzbicka, 2019), the benefits
of technology in higher education (Mokwa-Tarnowska, 2015; Jancarz-Łanczkowska, 2016; Turula, 2018;
Novopysmenny et. al., 2020) and guidelines for proper online education UNICEF, 2020) to this day very little
attention was given to physical education online in higher education settings and to effective means of achieving
online physical education goals.
Among the factors which influence the perception of online courses by students (Eom, Ashill, 2018) the
following are mentioned: a) the attitude of the teacher (attitude towards technology, level of commitment, easy
of communication), b) the quality of information (educational materials used – clarity of materials, their
usefulness, attractiveness, availability, the information on the conditions of passing), c) quality of the service and
d) the attitude of the student (motivation, commitment to the course, perception of usefulness).
George Veletsianos and Royce Kimmons (2020) leveraged the method of collecting data from social
media and analyzed the opinions of thousands of students (from Canada and the US) on the transition from
stationary to online education. The source of these opinions where tweets (Kimmons, Veletsianos, 2018). They
reached the following conclusions:
- students value teachers that has a positive approach and a calm disposition;