24 Copyright © 2022, IGI Global. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI Global is prohibited. Chapter 2 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-7492-8.ch002 ABSTRACT Climate change has adversely afected the indigenous farmers in the mountainous regions not only in Vietnam but also in other countries. This chapter provides the indigenous farmer perception and use of indigenous knowledge to adapt to climate change. The authors reviewed many previous studies related to the indigenous farmer application of indigenous knowledge to adapt to climate change and combined with the data of 362 randomly selected indigenous farmers in Vietnam by using surveys, key informant interviews, and focus group discussions. They have found that indigenous farmers were aware of cli- mate change and the negative impacts of climate change on their life both in Vietnam and in many other countries such as India, Bangladesh, and the USA. Furthermore, indigenous farmers have used diferent indigenous knowledge to adapt to climate change. This chapter also suggested that policymakers should consider indigenous farmer perceptions and indigenous knowledge when designing and formulating climate change policies for indigenous farmers in the future. INTRODUCTION Climate change is a major challenge to agriculture for many developing countries, which works as a threat to all aspects of society around the world (Li et al., 2017; Thoai et al., 2018). In developing countries, smallholder farmers, particularly indigenous farmers, are heavily affected by climate change. The Role of Indigenous Knowledge in Adaptation to Climate Change in the Northern Mountain of Vietnam Manh Nguyen The Asian Institute of Technology, Thailand Mokbul Morshed Ahmad Asian Institute of Technology, Thailand