Abstract— With a growing number of applications in the
world for UAVs, there is a clear limitation regarding the need
for extended battery life. With the current flight times, many
users would benefit greatly with an innovative option of field
charging these devices. The objective of this project is to
investigate feasibility of inductively harvesting energy from a
power line cable for applications such as charging a UAV drone.
Research investigates a dual hook perching device that securely
attaches to a power cable and aligns an inductive core with the
cable for harvesting energy from its electro-magnetic field.
Modeling and analysis of the core highlights critical design
parameters, leading to evaluation of circular, semi-cylindrical,
and u-shaped prototypes designed to interface with a 1” power
cable. Underactuated two jaw manipulators at each end of the
coil are proposed for grasping the cable and aligning it with the
charging coil, ultimately providing a firm grasp and perch. An
open source hexacopter drone was used in this study to integrate
with the charging novelty. The results provided can be used as a
starting point to study the reliability of this method of charging
and to further investigate perching abilities of UAVs.
I. INTRODUCTION
There are an increasing number of UAV applications in the
industrial sector. Such applications include surveying,
imaging, mapping, inspecting, filming, plant and wildlife
preservation, agriculture, atmospheric science monitoring,
and computer vision to name a few. A major limitation that
effects almost all UAVs is their operation time due to their
battery life. This limits their flight time and data collecting
ability and normally requires human intervention to replenish
the batteries. Ideally, UAVs could harvest energy from their
environment to recharge and continue operation for extended
periods of time.
Toward this goal, this research presents a system allowing
aerial vehicles to perch on a power line and harvest energy.
Mounted on top of a UAV, Figure 1, the proposed perching
mechanisms allow the UAV to hang from the power cable
while also mating a U-shaped inductive coil with the
powerline. The coil can then harvest energy from the AC
magnetic field emitted by the powerline due to current passing
through the cable. Two perching mechanisms on either side
of the inductive coil provide a firm and stable grasp on the
power cable. This allows the UAV to passively hang from the
cable, using no energy for perching, while also gathering
energy through the coil. The long-term goal is to operate
equipment, such as environmental sensors, and charge
onboard batteries.
This paper contributes design and evaluation of the
perching and energy harvesting system, and demonstrates
their application to a small multi-rotor vehicle. Analysis
highlights how design variables affect inductive coil
capability, which is validated via several coil prototypes
highlighting balancing between magnetic permeability,
weight, and size. Vehicle size and load capacity limit the size
and capability of the charging system. Design and analysis of
the perching mechanism is also contributed; perching
mechanisms allow a wide opening to simplify alignment with
the cable, while actuation causes the mechanism to pull the
cable into the inductive coil and grasp it firmly. The
mechanism is designed to remain closed around the cable
without power applied to the actuator. Experiments evaluate
performance of the resulting system.
The paper is structured as follows. Sec. II describes work
related to this research and helps frame its contributions. Sec.
III provides a description of the overall system and indicates
specific details of the vehicle platform that constrain the
Design and Evaluation of a Perching
Hexacopter Drone for Energy Harvesting from
Power Lines
Ryan Kitchen, Nick Bierwolf, Sean Harbertson, Brage Platt, Dean Owen, Klaus Griessmann
and Mark A. Minor, IEEE Member
This work was supported by the University of Utah.
R. Kitchen, N. Bierwolf, S. Harbertson, B. Platt, D. Owen, and K.
Griessmann were with the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112.
1
M.A. Minor is with the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
USA (Corresponding author, email: mark.minor@utah.edu).
Figure 1. Perching system and inductive coil supporting a hex-a-rotor
attached to a power cable.
2020 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)
October 25-29, 2020, Las Vegas, NV, USA (Virtual)
978-1-7281-6211-9/20/$31.00 ©2020 IEEE 1192