Napier Grass Performance Under Agroforestry Systems of Upland Area on Tuntang Watershed, Indonesia Adriani Darmawati  , Syaiful Anwar and Endang Dwi Purbajanti Faculty of Agriculture Sciences, Diponegoro University, Tembalang Campus, Semarang, Indonesia Abstract. The success of forage cultivation effort extremely depends on several factors, such as kinds of forage, climate, water, and soil fertility. A research on napier grass in agroforestry system conducted to find out soil fertility, growth, production, and quality of forage in agroforestry system in headwaters of Tuntang watershed. This research used factorial plan 2 x 2 which was repeated five times. The first factor was agroforestry system (AFS-1 and AFS-2) and the second factor was defoliation in wet and dry season. Parameter observed were height of plants, forage production, dry matter content, crude protein, and crude fibre. Height of plant in AFS-1 was higher (85.1 cm) than AFS-2 system (71.5 cm). Season had an affect on plants growth which was shown by height of plant that was lower during dry season (66.8 cm) than during wet season (89.8 cm). AFS-1 system had a better forage yield than AFS-2. Dry matter of forage varied between agroforestry system and season. The growth, forage yield, crude protein and fibre contents during wet season in the upland area of Tuntang watershed are better than during dry season. The best dry matter content is in AFS-2 during dry season and the highest crude protein content of napier grass lies in AFS-1 during wet season. Keywords: Agroforestry, napier grass, crude protein, crude fiber. 1. Introduction Livestock have an important role in Indonesia since they produce meat and milk, are considered as wealth sources, and create job demand. Forage contributes a big portion of the total of dairy cattle production cost in Indonesia because more than 70% of livestock ration consists of forage. In addition to be the source of ruminant feed, forage can also be used for conservation of land resources. Napier grass ( Pennisetum purpureum) is one of superior grasses which prevents the soil from erosion and increases the soil fertility, especially in upland area. In Central Java, Indonesia, napier grass has a high production and quality, produces many clumps of saplings, and has strong roots and fexible stem that livestock like. In Indonesia, especially in Central Java, livestock maintenance generally includes in farming activities. The forage is fulfilled by farming land and compost heap owned by farmers. In the research location which is the upland area of Tuntang watershed, raising activity includes in agroforestry farming system. Farmers grow napier grass along with other plants in their own land. Agriculture is widely accepted as one of the sectors at most risk from climate changes challenges. Due to impacts of increased temperatures, reduced rainfall and increased frequency of variation in extreme events especially in tropics [1]. The sustainability of cropping systems needs nutrient replacement and soil fertility. Plants have potential outcomes and amount of nutrient which are moved from different soil. Therefore, the amount of nutrient applied must be based on the nutrient needs of the plant. The intensification and diversification of cropping systems affect the nutrient needs, cycles, and its distribution in the soil profile, which effect on the nutrient needs and the dynamics in the crop rotation. The nutrient management requires nutrient needs that fit the needs of plants. If this corelation is not well managed, the harvest will be vanished and the quality of the environment will lose the  Corresponding author. Tel.: + 62247474750; fax: + 62247474750. E-mail address: adrianidarmawati@gmail.com International Proceedings of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Vol. 92 (2016) DOI: 10.7763/IPCBEE. 2016. V92. 7 39