COLLOIDS A
AND
Colloids and Surfaces SURFACES
ELSEVIER A: Physicochemicaland Engineering Aspects97 (1995) 109 117
Mechanistic aspects of the deposition of the Cr(VI) species on the
surface of TiO 2 and SiO 2
N. Spanos, S. Slavov 1, Ch. Kordulis, A. Lycourghiotis *
Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Engineering and High Temperature Chemical Processes, University of
Patras, P.O. Box 1414, GR-26500, Patras, Greece
Received 3 May 1994; accepted 12 January 1995
Abstract
The deposition of the negatively charged Cr(VI) species on TiO2 and SiO 2 surfaces suspended in aqueous electrolyte
media has been studied in the pH range 3.0 8.0. The investigation included deposition isotherm and microelectro-
phoretic mobility measurements.
From the experimental results and a theoretical analysis of the deposition isotherms, it was concluded that the
Cr~O~- ions taken up were located in energetically equivalent sites at the inner Helmholtz plane (IHP) of the electric
double layer that had developed between the support particles and the impregnating solution. The deposition sites
were mainly created by protonated surface hydroxyl groups in the case of SiO2 and by protonated and undissociated
surface hydroxyl groups in the case of TiO 2. The lateral interactions operative among the deposited Cr(VI! species
were, in general, strong, being stronger in SiO 2 supports in comparison with those of TiO2.
Moreover, it was found that upon a pH decrease from 6.0 to 3.0, the extent of deposition of the Cr(VI) species on
silica increased from 0.01 to 0.13 gmol Cr(VI) m -2. The extent of deposition of the Cr(VI) species on titania increased
also from 0.23 to 1.68 gmol Cr(VI) m 2 with a pH decrease from 8.0 to 4.8. Further decrease in the pH in the case of
titania resulted in a considerable decrease in the extent of deposition.
Keywords: Chromia catalysts; Equilibrium deposition filtration; Microelectrophoresis; Preparation of supported
catalysts; Silica catalysts; Titania catalysts
I. Introduction
Supported catalysts based on chromia are widely
employed in numerous catalytic processes. The
supports commonly used are 7-alumina, titania
and silica. Chromia/alumina catalysts are used for
the conversion of paraffins to olefinic hydro-
carbons, in the hydrodealkylation of aromatics,
and, to some extent, in the catalytic reforming
* Corresponding author.
On leave from the Department of Chemistry, "K. Preslavski"
University, 9700 Shumen, Bulgaria.
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process 1-1]. Chromia/silica catalysts are mainly
used for the polymerization of ethylene into linear
chains [2]. Finally, chromia-supported titania cat-
alysts are of interest for the selective catalytic
reduction of nitric oxide by ammonia in excess
oxygen [ 3 ].
A relatively high dispersity of the supported
chromium may be attained by using equilibrium
deposition followed by filtration (EDF) for the
preparation of chromium-supported catalysts. An
increasing number of studies dealing with the
preparation of supported catalysts by EDF have
appeared recently in the literature [4-32]. Despite